Endocarp obovate inflated, slightly asymmetric, tending to split (in germination?) 

 into 2 valves ; exterior showing many strong longitudinal ridges near hilum, some of 

 which disappear higher up, others branch and anastamose, forming a coarse reticulation 

 over the apex; hilum projecting, annular with depressed centre; micropyle apical or 

 nearly so. Seeds 2, attached laterally at l /3 of the distance from the hilum. Testa thin 

 black shining, of large irregular hexagonal cells. 



Length 7 mm., breadth 5 mm. Reuver. 



We have opened one of the endocarps (figs. 27 a, b) in order to show the internal 

 structure. The vessels pass straight through the base of the endocarp ; they are not 

 diverted by infolds, as in Sabiaceae, and do not occupy a channel in the endocarp, as 

 in some Rosaceae, such as Primus. 



RHAMNACEAE. 



KARWINSKIA PAUCICOSTATA Sp. nov. 

 PL XII, fig. 5. 

 Endocarpium ab eo K. Humboldtianae magis ovatum costis paucioribustantum 



DIFFERT. 



Endocarp ovate, somewhat compressed laterally; locules 2 coherent, line of 

 separation shown externally by a conspicuous groove; exterior with few and flat 

 longitudinal ribs radiating from the base. 



Length 7 + mm., breadth 6 mm. Reuver. 



This unique specimen evidently belongs to Karwinskia, a genus of 2 or 3 species 

 now confined to the Pacific coast of North America. From K. Humboldtiana Zucc. 

 (fig. 6) it differs only in the fewer number of ribs and in its more ovate form. Both 

 fossil and recent endocarps show an outer layer of hexagonal cells, a middle layer of 

 elongate cells arranged longitudinally, and an inner layer of cells elongate transversely. 

 The recent endocarp shows a line of weakness along the upper third of its margin, 

 through which germination evidently takes place. In our fossil this area is missing, and we 

 think that the seed has germinated. In the fossil the locules have developed unequally; 

 a broken specimen of K. Humboldtiana in the Kew Herbarium shows the same character. 



BERCHEMIA Sp.? 

 PI. XII, figs. 7 a, b. 



Endocarp ovate of 2 coherent locules; hilum basal; micropyle apical; wall of 

 endocarp fairly thick and hard, surface smooth. 



Length 3.3 mm., breadth 2.2 mm. Brunssum. 



This fruit, of which we have only seen one specimen, appears to belong to 

 Rhamnaceae and to be near to Bevchemia. The endocarp however is very small, and 

 the locules cohere less than they do in Berchemia. 



114 



