CONTENTS. vii 



Page. 



b. The Shore and.Marsh Association and Habitat 138 



c. Bog-forest Association and Habitat 139 



d. Aspen-birch Association and Habitat 139 



e. The Climax Association or Formation and Habitat 141 



3. Internal Factors 142 



4. Environmental Factors 143 



5. Environmental and Associational Convergence 144 



6. Succession and Environmental Evolution 1 45 



7. The Relation of Succession to Organic Evolution 145 



VI. Some Principles of Succession 146 



VII. Some Advantages of a Knowledge of the Laws of Succession ' 149 



6. The Coleoptera of Isle Royale, Lake Superior, and their Relation to the North 



American Centers of Dispersal, by Dr. Chas. C. Adams 157 



I. Introductory Note 157 



II. Notes on the Habitat Relations of Beetles 158 



III. The Succession of Beetle Associations.. 160 



1. The Lake Shore and its Beetle Associations 160 



2. Rock Openings and Associated Beetles 160 



3. Lake, Pond and Bog Habitats and Associations 161 



4. The Forests and their Beetle Associations 161 



IV. The General Characteristics of the North American Beetle Fauna 163 



1. Compiled Generalizations on the Fauna 163 



2. Comments on the Preceding Generalizations, and on the Literature of 

 Geographic Distribution 182 



V. The Present Centers of Dispersal of the Beetle Fauna 183 



VI. The General Characteristics and Affinities of the Isle Royale Fauna 190 



1. Faunal Characteristics 190 



2. Miscellaneous Notes on the Fauna 191 



VII. Lists of Isle Royale Beetles 192 



1. List of Species Collected in 1905 ,.- 192 



2. Supplementary List of Isle Royale Beetles, by A. B. Wolcott 204 



PART II. ANNOTATED LISTS. 



1. Notes on the Vegetation of Isle Royale, Michigan, by W. P. Holt 217 



I. General Observations on the Plant Societies 217 



1 . Bog Societies 217 



2. Shore Vegetation 222 



3. Forests , 224 



4. Burnings ■. 225 



11. Annotated List of Plants 227 



2. Annotated List of Certain Isle Royale Invertebrates, by Dr. Chas. C. Adams. . . . 249 



3. Annotated List of the MoUusca of Isle Royale, Michigan, by Bryant Walker 281 



I . Introduction 281 



II. Faunal Affinities 281 



III. Annotated List 283 



4. Report on the Isle Royale Orthoptera of the 1905 Expedition to. Isle Royale, 



by A. P.Morse. : 299 



I. General Remarks 299 



II. Annotated List of Species 502 



III. Station List, 1905 Collections.. 



5. Neuropteroid Insects from Isle Royale, Michigan, by Dr. James G. Needham. . . . 305 



6. Diptera of the 1905 University Museum Expedition to Isle Royale, by Prof. 



James S. Hine 308 



7. Annotated List of Isle Royale Hymenoptera, by E. S. Titus 317 



8. The Ants of Isle Royale, Michigan, by Dr. Wilham Morton Wheeler 325 



9. The Cold Blooded Vertebrates of Isle Royale, by Dr. A, G. Ruthven 329 



10. Annotated List of the Birds of Isle Royale, by Max Minor Peet 337 



I. Introduction 337 



II. Classified List of Birds Observed in 1905 339 



1 . Summer Residents 339 



2. Migrants. . 339 



3. Winter Residents (migrants from the north) 340 



4. Permanent Residents... 340 



