ECOLOGY OF ISLE ROYALE. 21 



Aspens, Tamarack, Norway and White Pine, and an underbrush of 

 Speckled Alder and Ground Hemlock. After crossing this depression, 

 the trail ascends the slope and crosses the burned ridges where there 

 is a growth of Birch and Aspen. The slope increases more abruptly 

 as the crest of the Greenstone is approached. This is the vicinity of an 

 old signal station and has an elevation of about 460 feet, according to 

 the Lake Survey. This forest along the crest comprised Station IV, 9. 

 The large trees stand above the surrounding second growth, on the 

 burned area, and can be seen for some distance. The Balsam, Birch 

 and Quaking Aspen are the dominant trees, the Balsams reaching a 

 diameter of about 10 to 12 inches, and the Birches and Aspens about 12 

 to 15 inches. The shrub growth is composed of Mountain Maple, Ground 

 Hemlock, and the Few flowered Cranben-y, the ground cover of Dier- 

 villa diervilla, Large-flowering Easpberry, Aster macrophyllus, Glintonia 

 horealis, Lmnea yorealis, LycopoMium, Wild Sarsaparilla and Brake 

 Fern; the White and Black Spruces being only occasionally seen. This 

 forest produced dense shade. Fallen timber is abundant in places, but 

 no signs of fire were, observed. This ridge was bounded on the north 

 by a clifC of perhaps 20 to 30 feet, below which was a long talus slope 

 covered with Birch, Aspen and Balsam. From the top of this ridge there 

 is a splendid view to the north. The crest was followed west to a small 

 open burned area Avhere Diervilla diervilla and Large-flowering Easpberry 

 were abundant. The leaves of the latter were badly perforated by the 

 abundant grasshoppers, Hibhiscus tuberculatus and Melanoplus alas- 

 kanus. In the deep wood a Tree Toad, Hyla versicolw, was found, and 

 Varying Hares and Eed Squirrels were seen. 



Station IV, Substation 5. Clearing, and Vicinity of Neutson's Resort 

 (Park Place). There is a rather extensive clearing at Neutson's Eesort, 

 so that very little collecting was done in this vicinity. A collection of 

 grasshoppers was made here by Brown and Wood, and the following 

 list of plants was made by the former from the same vicinity: White 

 Spruce, Birch, Aspen, Mountain Alder, Jumpems noma, Wild Eed 

 or Pennsylvania Cherry, Eed and White Clover, Bush Honeysuckle, FrU' 

 garia vesca. Cow Parsnip, and lA/copodium complanatum. 



The grasshoppers were: Chloealtis abdominalis, Gamnula pelhunda, 

 Hippiscus tuberculatus, Circotettix verruculatus, Melanoplus alaskarms, 

 and huroni. Two butterflies, Argynnis atlantis and Pyrameis cardui, 

 and the dragonfly Lestes unguiculatiis were also taken here. In Eock 

 Harbor, at Neutson's, leech egg capsules of Nephalopsis obscura, and 

 Physa were taken. On a small island across the Harbor to the south, 

 in a Sphagnum, Pitcher Plant and Tamarack swamp, a number of Wood 

 Frogs, (Rana cantabrigensis) were taken. 



A Eed-bellied Snake (Storeria occipitomaoulata) was reported to have 

 been killed in the clearing, during July. 



Station IV, Substation 6. Small Island in Tobin Harbor. This sta- 

 tion includes the sedges and shallow -water at the west end of a small 

 island in Tobin Harbor. The bottom was covered with sand and large 

 angular blocks of rock. Limnaea stagnalis was very abundant and oc- 

 curred in water with a depth of about three feet. The shells are very 

 fragile. Upon the rocks Physa occurred in limited numbei-s and was wide- 

 ly scattered, but they were abundant on the stems of the sedges not far 



