ECOLOGY OF ISLE ROYALE. SI 



THE ECOLOGICAL DISTEIBUTION OF THE BIRDS OF ISLE 

 KOYALE, LAKE SUPERIOR. 



OTTO ll'CUEARY, AGItlCULTUKAI, EXPERI.MEXT STATIOX. GENEVA, N. Y. 



I. IXTRODUCTIOX. 



In this report I shall discuss the habits of the different birds and 

 their relation to their environment as found vipon Isle Royale. The 

 different localities visited will be described, the birds listed as found 

 in each locality, and the details of their habits and distribution de- 

 scribed. 



On account of the limited time, I was unable to examine a large 

 part of the island, but representative localities were visited,, so that a 

 general idea of the bird life of the island can be gained from this re- 

 port. For example, a nvimber of tamarack swamps were visited and 

 certain birds were fotind in each of these; it therefore seems reasonable 

 to infer that these birds are found in the many other tamarack swamps 

 which were not visited. 



Observations were made in five different localities by members of the 

 Museum party, but only those visited by the writer will be described. 

 In connection Avith this paper the ''Annotated List of Birds" should 

 be consulted. These localities will be taken up in the following order: 



1. Light-house Peninsula. 



2. Trail to McCargoe Cove. 



3. West End of Rock Harbor and Trail to Summer Lake. 



4. Siskowit Bay Region. 



II. LIGHT-HOUSE PENINSULA. 



This station included the land between Conglomerate Bay and Rock 

 Harbor. The conditions in this small strip of country varied very much, 

 and on this account it will be divided into a number of stations as fol- 

 lows : 



1. Lake Superior and Beach (Station I, 1). 



2 Spruce and Balsam Forest (Station I, 2 and 3). 



8. Tamarack and Arbor Vitae Swamps (Station I, 4). 



4. Jack Pine Ridge (Station I, 5). 



5. Sphagnum and Spruce Bog (Station I, 6). 



6. Valley at Head of Conglomerate Bay (Station I, 1). 



1. Lake Superior and Beach (Station I, 1). 



This station included the whole of Tonkin and Conglomerate Bays 

 and tliat portion of Lake Superior and Roclr Harbor which could be 

 seen from the light-house. The water Avas deep, cold and contained 

 very little vegetation. The shore bordering the lake was composed of 

 jagged, desolate, wave-washed rocks (Figs 2, 5), and only in the 

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