82 MICHIGAN SURVEY, 1908. 



most protected portions of the bays and harbors were trees found 

 growing near the edge of the water (Fig 4). This accounts for 

 the fact that no shore birds or vegetable feeding water fowl were ob- 

 served here. 



The birds seen in this station were as follows : Herring Gull, Loon, 

 American Merganser, Hooded Merganser, Spotted Sandpiper, Song Spar- 

 row, Myrtle Warbler, Olive-bacJced Thrush, Crow and Osprey. 



The Herring Gull was the only bird seen on the water in large num- 

 bers. At almost any time of the day there wore fifteen or twenty in 

 sight, and sometimes they came in large flocks to eat the refuse thrown 

 -along the shore of Rock Harbor by the fishermen. Seventy-seven were 

 once counted, and occasionally the number was greater. 



When not feeding on the water they passed the time soaring in the 

 air or resting on the bare rocks. They seemed to prefer soaring during 

 windy weather. With the head toward the wind they would move slowly 

 upward and forward for some time, then turn suddenly and soar 

 away with the wind at a rapid rate, then swing around in a graceful 

 curve and again mount upward. 



The American Merganser, Loon and Hooded Merganser were occa- 

 sionally sieen on the water. On July 27 and 28 a female Hooded Mer- 

 ganser and six young were observed. These ducklings were yet small 

 and could be overtaken with a row boat, but when pursued they escaped 

 by diving. 



Thus it will be seen that, excepting the Gulls, water birds were scarce 

 and the shore birds nearly lacking. Only one shore bird, the Spotted 

 Sandpiper, was seen and that was observed two or three times; this 

 Avap probably a migrant. The other birds seen on the shore, were the 

 Crow, Myrtle Warbler, Song Sparrow, and Olive-backed Thrush. They 

 occasionally came from the bushes and forests to feed there. Of these 

 birds the Song Sparrow Avas seen the most often, and almost every 

 morning could be heard singing on the small rocky islets partially covered 

 with bushes, which lay just east of the light-house. 



2. fiprucG and Balsam. Forest {Station I, 2-3). 



In this forest of spruce, balsam and birches, there were many low 

 rock ridges whose tops were almost destitute of soil and trees, thus 

 forming a long, narrow, natural clearing of not more than two hundred 

 yards in length and from thirty to sixty yards in width {Fig. 8). 

 Near the light-house there were five of these ridges from thirty to two 

 hundred yards apart; while farther to the west there were more of 

 them, but they were farther apart. . 



On account of these openings in the forest, there were many birds 

 here that frequented partial clearings, yet no birds that inhabit large 

 tracts of cleared land, except the Chipping Sparrow, which occurred 

 in the small clearing at the light-house. 



The birds found under these conditions were as follows : Red-breast- 

 ed Nuthatch, Chipping Sparrow, Nashville Warbler, Black-throated 

 Blue Wai'bler, Black-throated Green Warbler, Chickadee, Flicker, Gold- 

 en-ciH)wned Kinglet, Bay-breasted Warbler, Crow, Myrtle Warbler, 

 Sparrow Hawk, Magnolia Warbler, AVilson's Thrush, Olive-backed 



