ECOLOGY OF ISLE ROYALE. 83 



Thrush, Pine Siskin, Purple Finch, White throated Sparrow, Tree Swal- 

 low, Barn Swallow, Sharp-shinned Hawk and White-winged Crossbill. 



The Purple Finch, Pine Siskin, Sparrow Hawk, Sharp-shinned Hawk, 

 Bay-breasted Warbler, Black-throated Blue Warbler, Tl-ee Swallow and 

 Barn Swallow were only oceasionallj- seen. 



Some of the Warblers were common, and it was interesting to note 

 the difference in the localities which they frequented. The Myrtle 

 Warbler was most frequently seen near the shore. The Magnolia Warb- 

 ler frequented the small spruce and balsam trees but was not seen on 

 the sliore. The Black-throated Green Wai'bler was always observed 

 in that part of the forest where there were many birch trees, and the 

 Nashville kept near the partial clearings. < 



Nests of the Myrtle Warbler, Chickadee, Golden-crowned Kinglet, 

 Olive-backed Thrush and Chipping Sparrow were found in this locality. 

 The nest of the Myrtle Warbler was found July 7, on a small jack 

 pine standing near the edge of a rocky cliflf, which rose perpendicularly 

 from the water to a height of about twenty feet. It was composed of 

 small twigs, dried grass and pine needles, and contained four young 

 about a week old. While we were near, the old bird approached the 

 nest very cautiously. It would fly from tree to tree until within about 

 fifty feet of the nest and then drop down near the ground and fly low 

 until below the nest; when leaving it flew along the edge of the cliflf. 



On the same day a Golden-crowned Kinglet was seen to take a bit 

 of moss and fly into a clump of stunted spruce trees on a rock ridge. 

 The tops of the spruce were so thick and bushy that it was impossible 

 to see the nest from the ground, although the tree was not more than 

 twenty-five feet high. On climbing the tree a half finished nest was 

 found built mostly of green moss. By July 21 the nest was finished 

 and contained eight small eggs. This beautiful mossy cup was about 

 four inches in diameter and of the same depth, but the cavity contain- 

 ing the eggs was still smaller, as the wall of the nest was about two 

 and a half inches thick and lined with hare fur. 



In front of the light-house at the edge of the beach, stood a small 

 spruce about twenty feet high, on a horizontial limb of which was the 

 nest of a Chipping Sparrow, composed entirely of grass. When the 

 nest was found on July 5 it contained four young that had evidently 

 just hatched. 



An Olive-backed Thrush's nest was found July 8, in a low limb of 

 a spruce that stood near the shore. It was found five feet from the 

 ground, composed of grass and moss, and contained three very young 

 birds. The old bird would not approach while I was near the nest 

 and was so shy that the true owner of the nest was diflflcult to determine. 

 Probably more nests would have been found had we arrived upon the 

 island earlier, as many young were able to fly when we came, and several 

 immature Magnolia Warblers were found at that time in the bushes 

 near the light-house. 



Birds were more abundant in this locality than in any other of the 

 same size. Why this was true, I did not determine. 



