226 MICHIGAN SURVEY, 1908. 



resisting. There might be added to the unfavorable conditions of 

 growth on such exposed ridges the work of Hares, for the Northern 

 Varying Hare often resorts to the exposed heights — as in the case just 

 noted — for its winter feeding ground, since there is probably less snow 

 left there by the sweeping winter winds than at lesser elevations, and 

 the Hares can get about more easily. The principal damage done to 

 the trees by Hares consists of the cutting off of the young branches, 

 and gnawing the bark, and this in some cases amounts to considerable. 



Scattered individuals of ^yhite Pine (Pinus strobus) occur along 

 the ridges and on the north side of Siskowit Lake, but it is nowhere 

 abundant. Only a few Norway Pines (Pinus resinosa) were noted — 

 these occurring principally on ridges and in exposed places, as on the 

 ridge north of Sumner Lake (III, 5). 



The Green, or MountainAlder (Alnus alnobetula) was widely dis- 

 tributed on higher ground, and can seemingly stand as much shade as 

 any broad leaved tree on the island. The Speckled Alder [Alnus 

 incana) was common near the water's edge and on low ground; and in 

 places had worked back some distance from the water. 



The Sorhu^ americana, found on many parts of the island, was in 

 most cases solitary in, its distribution and nowhere abundant. It ap- 

 pears to be most abundant along the water's edge. 



The successions of the burnings and clearings due to the attempts of 

 the early copper prospectors to clear the land, as well as the results 

 of later forest fires, present an interesting problem; also the peculiar 

 distribution of the Hard Maple and White Pine on the island. Students 

 of fleshy fungi may also find a most fascinating field for later summer 

 work at the west end of the island, especially along the forest road 

 from the Washington Club grounds to Lake Desor. Never have we 

 seen a more inviting field for mycologists; and in a region as yet un- 

 touched as to its fungi. 



In conclusion, we beg to call attention to the fact that, owing to 

 time limitations, no attempt was made to work out in detail any of the 

 large and interesting problems that presented themselves; our object 

 being rather to make a general reconnaisance of the plant life on as 

 many different parts of the island as possible. It is to be regretted 

 that time did not permit the party to investigate several habitats on 

 the north side of the island in addition to the work done on the south 

 side, for the physiographic conditions there are different from those 

 on the south shore, and a comparison of the environmental conditions 

 of the two localities would doubtless throw additional light upon the 

 teries of shore societies. 



To give a more detailed account of the plants noted and collected on 

 the island than could be attempted in this resume of conditions the 

 following annotated list is herewith presented. 



The writer is indebted to Dr. C. A. Davis of the Michigan Biological 

 Survey for the determination of the sedges and certain flowering 

 plants; to Prof. Bruce Fink of Miami College, Oxford, Ohio, for the 

 determination of the lichens; for the determination of the mosses to 

 Prof. J. M. Holzinger of Winona Normal School, Winona, Minn, and 

 Dr. J. Roll, Germany. ' 



The nomenclature is that of Britton and Brown's Illustrated Flora of 



