ECOLOGY OF ISLE ROYALE. 237 



everywhere in forested portions as well as burnings and clearings. 

 This and the Balsam Fir seem to be the climax trees of the upland 

 forest. I, 2; I, 3; I, 7; II, 1; III, 4; IV, 8; IV, 9; V, 3; V, 4; V, 7; 

 I, '04; III, '04. 



178. Betula lutca Michx. P. Yellow Birch. Noted only along the 

 forest road from Washington Harbor to Lake Desor, Avhere it was very 

 common along the Greenstone Kidge. Specimens 36 inches in diameter 

 were noted. Ill, '04. 



179. Betulu lenta L. Black or Cherry Birch. Associated with B. 

 lutca as mentioned above. Also attaining great size. Ill, '04. 



180. Alnus alnoJ)etula (Ehrh.) Koch. Green, or Mountain Al'der. 

 Fairly common in upland forest at Rock Harbor. Common shrub along 

 with birches and aspens. 



181. Alnus incana (L) Willd. Speckled Alder. Low ground, borders 

 of streams and margins of lakes. Along, water's edge at Eock Harbor, 

 and sparingly associated with Alnus ahiohetula in the forest back from 

 water. 



Note. — Thru an over-sight the 3 species of Saliso observed were 

 ofnitted in preparing this list for the press. 



Fagaceae — Beech Family. 



182. Quercus ruhra L. Red Oak. A single specimen was noted along 

 the forest road between AVashington Club and Lake Desor, (III, '04). 

 The only oak noted on the island. 



Pomaceae — Apple Family. 



183. Sorius americana Marsh. American Mountain Ash. Fairly 

 common along the forested margins of the principal inlets, as Rock 

 Harbor, and sparingly distributed through the inland forest. Always 

 more or less isolated, never in colonies. 



184. Aronia nigra (Willd.) Britton. A single specimen noted on 

 north side of Eock Harbor. 



185. Anielanchier >atlnifolia Nutt. Niorthwestern Junei-berry. A 

 shrub 6 feet or less in height. Rock openings also rock ridge near 

 Conglomerate Bay (I, 5). 



186. Anielanchier oUgocarpa (Michx.) Roen. Oblong-fruited June- 

 berry. A shrub about the size of preceding, but occurring on lower 

 ground. 



Drupaceae — Plum Family. 



187. Primes penmylvanica L. Wild Red Cherry, Pennsylvania 

 Cherry. Characteristic of xerophytic places as rock openings, talus 

 slopes, and burnings; and able to thrive in exposed rocky positions 

 Avhere subject to great temperature extremes, and where there is very 

 little soil. I, 5. 



188.' Prunus virginiana L. Choke Cherry. Woods: not. common. 



Aceraceae — Maple Family. 



189. Acer saccharum Marsh. Sugar or Hard Maple. One part of 

 the island, on the summit of the Greenstone Ridge along the forest 



