ECOLOGY OF ISLE ROYALE. 365 



The Purple Finch was rather uncommon all over the island. A fine 

 male was taken on Jnly 7 in the balsam and spruce forest (I, 3) at 

 Rock Harbor and on July 24 a large flock was seen in the balsams 

 just back of the light-house (I, 3). It was only observed a few times 

 at Siskowit, but usually in the balsam foi'est. At Washington Harbor 

 the only time it was observed was August 28. Althouigh the bird was 

 most abundant in the balsam-spruce forest, it also frequented old burn- 

 ings, the borders of clearings and tamarack and cedar swamps. 



61. Loxia leucoptera (522). White-winged Crossbill. 



Range: Northern parts of North America, south into the United 

 States in winter. Breeds from northern New England northward. 



Stations: Rock Harbor, Spruce and Balsam Forest, I, 2-3; Tama- 

 rack and Spruce Forest, II, 2, 5. 



Resident : July 13 to the last of July. 



The White-winged Crossbill was quite common at the upper end of 

 Isle Royale, but was not observed at "Washington Harbor this season, 

 Although it was observed several times there in 1904. At Rock Harbor 

 they were usually found in the sphagnum bogs (II, 2, 5) and late 

 in July were seen several times near the light-house feeding on the pine 

 cones. 



62. Sphins pinus (533). Pine Siskin. 



Range : North America generally, breeding in the British Provinces, 

 Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and high mountains of Arizona, 

 south to Lower California and the movmtains of Mexico to Orizaba. 

 Also breeds sparingly in northeastern United States. 



Stations: Rock Harbor. Spruce and Balsam Forest, I, 2-3; Partial 

 clearing, II, 1. Washington Harbor, Forest, II, '04. 



Resident : July 9-September 18. 



The Pine Siskin was only occasionally recorded from the vicinity 

 of Rock Harbor, and not at all from the other localiti;es. On July 9 

 while rowing around the islands in Rock Harbor (I, 1) several of these 

 birds were seen and heard singing as they fed among the balsams on 

 the edge of the islands. They were tilso observed on July 13 in a, tama- 

 rack swamp (II, 2) and were seen several times in the forest near Rock 

 Harbor Light-house. 



63. Pocecetes graminens (540). Vesper Sparrow. 



Range: Eastern North America to the Plains, from Nova Scotia 

 and Ontario southward; breeds from Virginia, Kentucky and Missouri 

 northward. 



Stations : Washington Harbor, II, '04. 



Migration : August 22. 



An immature' Vesper Sparrow, the only one seen, was secured on 

 August 22 in a strip of brush on the banks of Washington River. 



64. Passerculus sandwichensis savanna (542a). Savanna Sparrow. 

 Range: Eastern North America, breeding from the northern United 



States to Labrador and Hudson Bay Territory. 



Stations : Washington Harbor, clearings and burned areas, I, '04. 



Breeding : An immature specimen taken August 6. 



Migration : August 31 on. 



While at Washington Harbor the first part of August several Savanna 

 Sparrows were seen and a young one barely out of the nest was secured 



