ECOLOGY OF ISLE ROYALE. 371 



were greenish brown speckled with black. The nest was composed of 

 moss, gray lichen, and grasses and was lined with rootlets and the 

 soft gray tree lichen. July 20 several nests were fonnd on a small rocky 

 island. III, 1. The nests were placed in small spruces and cedars and 

 were from eight to fifteen feet above the ground. All were built of the 

 gray hanging lichen which grew on the neighboring trees. Another nest 

 of the Waxwing was found July 27 on a small island in Rock Harbor. 

 It was about six feet from the ground in a White Cedar, and was com- 

 posed of the usual gray lichen. It contained two neai'ly hatched young, 

 and one egg. July 28 a nest was found on a horizontal limb of a birch, 

 about ten feet from the ground. It contained three young. On two 

 small islands in Rock Harbor 14 Waxwing nests were found. Here 

 the nests ranged from three to twelve feet above the ground. Another 

 nest was found July 28 which was placed on a limb overhanging the lake, 

 and about ten feet above it. It contained several young. July 29 a 

 nest was found along the path to the fisherman's cabin. It was on a 

 birch about twenty feet from the ground, the highest nest seen. The 

 nests of the Cedar Waxwings were placed in both conifers and decidu- 

 ous trees, but all were composed of the gray tree lichen. 



78. Lanius horeaUs (621). Northern Shrike. 



Range: Northern North America, south in winter to the middle por- 

 tions of the United States (Virginia, Kentucky, Kansas, Colorado, Ari- 

 zona, northern California). Breeds north of the United States. 



Stations: Washington Harbor, clearings at edge of forest, I, '04. 

 Washington Island, X, '04. 



Migration: September 1 and 9. 



At Washington Island (X, '04), September 1, a Northern Shrike was 

 seen eating a small bird it had just caught. Another was seen in the 

 first clearing September 9. 



79. Vireo olivaoeus (624). Red-eyed Vireo. 



Range; Eastern North America west to Colorado, Utah, and British 

 Columbia; north to the Arctic regions; south in winter from Florida to 

 northern South America. Breeds nearly throughout its Northern Ameri- 

 can range. 



Stations: Rock Harbor, Partial Clearing, II, 1; along Benson 

 Brook, II, 1. 



Rock Clearings, II, 3. Birch forest. III, 4. Forest, V, 4. 



Siskowit Bay. Old Burning, V, 9. Washington Harbor. Along road 

 in alders, I, 04. 



Breeding: July 13, nearly full grown young. 



Migration: September 12. 



These birds seemed to prefer the more open growths of timber such 

 as the birch forests which contained more or less of an undergrowth 

 of aspens, such as was found along Benson Brook (II, 1), where many 

 were seen. On July 20 we found this species in the valley at the west 

 end of Tonkin Bay (IV, 7) in a second growth of birch and aspen. 

 It was also found on the trail to Sumner Lake (III, 4) on July 27. 

 At Siskowit it was not nearly so common and was observed only two 

 or three times at Siskowit Lake. 



It was observed only as a rare migrant at Washington Harbor. Only 

 one, an adult male, being taken, September 12. 

 49 



