ECOLOGY OF ISLE ROYALE. 381 



ner Lake (III, 5). A pair was suspected to nest in a small tama- 

 rack swamp, (I, 4) but tke nest could not he found in the thick tangle 

 of logs and brush. It was often heard singing along the shores of the 

 lakes and bays, preferring places where there was a rank growth of 

 ground hemlock. We foiind it fairly common all through the regions 

 studied, but in each place the birds were found in the same environ- 

 ment. Those taken at Washington Harbor were found in the wet, dark 

 forest along the river. 



103. Ocrtlna familiaris fusca (726). Brown Creeper. 



Range : Eastern North America, breeding from the northern and 

 more elevated parts of the United States northward, and casually further 

 south, migrating southward in winter. 



Stations: Eock Harbor, Tamarack and arbor vitae swamps, I, 4. 

 Siskowit Bay, Forest, V, 4. A'S'ashington Harbor, Forest, II, '04. 



Resident: July 26. 



Migration : August 22 to September 10. 



This species was not common anywhere on the island and was rare at 

 Eock Harbor. It was confined principally to the balsam-spruce forests 

 and cedar swamps. At Siskowit it was often seen in the balsam-birch 

 forest, being much more common than at either Rock Harbor or Wash- 

 ington Harbor. In all probability it nested on the island, but no 

 nests or young were found. Even during migration it was uncommon 

 and was usually found accompanying flocks of Chickadees, Golden- 

 crowned Kinglets, or Red-breasted Nuthatches. Sometimes all of these 

 birds would be found together. 



104. Sitta canadensis (728). Red-breasted Nuthatch. 



Range : North America at large, breeding from northern New Eng- 

 land, northern New York, and northern Michigan noi"thward; and south- 

 ward in the Alleghanies, Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevadas; in 

 winter south to about the southern border of the United States. 



Stations : Rock Harbor, Balsam-spruce forest, I, 3 ; Tamarack and 

 Arbor Yitae swamps, I, 4; Edge of Ransom Clearing, II, 1; Tamarack 

 swamp, II, 2 ; Border of Forbes Lake, II, 5 ; Conifers along trail to 

 Sumner Lake, III, 4. 



Siskowit Bay, Conifers along trail through Balsam-birch forest, V, 

 4 ; Tamarack swamp, V, 5 ; ''Arbor Vitae swamp, V, 8 ; Tamarack-spruce 

 swamp, V, 11. 



Washington Harbor, forest along river, II, '04; Tamarack swamp, 

 Y, '04; Conifers around camp clearing, I, '04. 



Breeding: Young able to take care of themselves were seen through- 

 out the season. 



Migration: Last seen September 12. 



The Red-breasted Nuthatch was quite common on the island, but was 

 somewhat local in its distribution. The tamarack, arbor vitae, and 

 spruce swamps were their favorite resorts, but they were often seen 

 along the borders of the clearings where the conifers predominated. 

 Practically all of their food was obtained on the various forms of ever- 

 greens. 



105. Partis atricapillus (735). Chickadee. 



Range: Eastern North America, north of the Potomac and Ohio val- 

 leys. 



