DISEASES OF FARM ANIMALS I09 



breathing, blueness of the nostrils, bellowing, con- 

 vulsions and hemorrhages from the natural open- 

 ings. Death may occur in a few minutes or in four 

 or five hours. 



Another type is known as anthrax fever, or internal 

 anthrax. Here we have distinct symptoms, the most 

 important being high fever of from three to four 

 degrees, excitability and restlessness. Blood may 

 ooze in drops from the nose, eyes, or ears, and from 

 inside of the forearm or thigh, in sheep. There 

 will be trembling, prostration, numbness of the 

 loins, thirst, grinding of the teeth, colicky pains, 

 bloating, bloody discharges, palpitation of the 

 heart, difficult breathing, blueness of the visible 

 mucous membranes, jerking of the muscles of 

 the back and neck, and rolling of the eyes. The 

 animal will die in comatose state, or in convulsions, 

 and death will occur in sheep in about a day. 

 Cattle will live from two to five days, and horses 

 from one to six days. 



A third form is external anthrax, which mani- 

 fests itself in swelling of the tongue, throat, rec- 

 tum, and skin in cattle; and of the tongue, 

 throat, neck, shoulders, withers, flank, or thigh in 

 horses. These swellings have a firm, doughy feel- 

 ing, are not painful generally, and show a marked 

 tendency to gangrene. They never suppurate. If 

 cut (this should never be done), they discharge a 

 pale, straw-colored liquid. In this may be found 

 the microbe. 



The rapidity with which putrefaction occurs in 

 an anthrax carcass is very marked. Another char- 

 acteristic is, the blood loses its property of clotting, 

 is dark and tarry, and does not become light in 

 color by contact with air, like normal blood. In 

 fulminant cases, however, these characters are not 



