8o TOXINS AND ANTITOXINS. 



cent, solution in phenolated water (5:1000). The 

 mallein may be precipitated from the crude solu- 

 tion by the addition of alcohol, as recommended 

 by Foth. Foth's mallein occurs as a white, light 

 powder, very easily soluble in water. 



Mallein enjoys a very important r61e in veteri- 

 nary therapeutics, a role analogous to that of 

 tuberculin, permitting the diagnosis of incipient 

 glanders.* 



Experience has shown that in animals already 

 attacked by glanders, even if ever so slightly, the 

 thermic reaction never fails when 0.25 Cc. of the 

 mallein solution is injected. In healthy animals, 

 however, the injection of mallein, even in much 

 larger quantities, causes no apparent effect. In 

 animals attacked by glanders the reaction attains 

 its maximum in twelve hours, and several days 

 are required for the temperature to return to 

 normal, t 



According to Nocard, mallein possesses no immu- 

 nizing properties whatever.} 



Typhoid Toxin. — This is obtained, like the other 

 microbial toxins, from a culture, prepared with 

 more or less difficulty, from Eberth's typhoid 



♦ Strauss: Arch, de Medic, exp&riment., 1886. 



t Cadiot and Roger: Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., 1895, p. 770; 

 Wladimirow: Arch, des Sciences Biol, de St.-Pitersbourg, iv, 

 p. 30; BouRGES and Mi;RY: Soc. de Biol., Feb. 5, 1878. 



X Galtier: Compt. rend, de I' Acad, des Sciences, xcii, p. 

 303; Strauss: Arfh, de Medic, experiment i, p. 489. 



