62 Bee Disease 



much difference of opinion as to the amount of harm caused by this latter, 

 malady. It is possible that Tarsonemus was present in the more severe cases 

 and, consequently, a fresh series of observations are necessary. 



It is the opinion of the writer that the mite will prove a comparatively 

 harmless parasite in countries where two or more honey harvests and con- 

 stant breeding activity are the rule. In some such districts we may expect 

 to find the endemic centres of the disease. 



If this opinion is confirmed, the mite will also be found in Austraha, 

 America and other countries as it is unhkely that we have been the only 

 country to import it. In America there is a large amount of unexplained 

 paralysis, and of winter and spring losses, while in Austraha the subject of 

 bee mortahty is much discussed without anything very definite being known. 

 Some of these troubles may be accompanied by mites. 



In this country bees parasitised by mites are to be found all over the 

 kingdom from Land's End to John o' Groats. The recognition of the dangers 

 arising from modern procedure may eventually give rise to wiser and better 

 methods of beekeeping and the discovery of the Aberdeen investigators may 

 thus have far-reaching and unforeseen consequences. 



REFERENCES. 

 Andeeson, J. (1916). The connection of Nosema apis and "Isle of Wight" Disease in Hive 



Bees. Proc. R. Physical Soc. of Edin. xx, 16. 

 Andeeson, J. and Rbnnib, J. (1916). Observations and Experiments bearing on Isle of 



Wight Disease in Hive Bees. Ibid, xx, 23. 

 Bbelbpsch, Babon von (1869). Die, Biene und ihre ZwM. Mannheim. 

 Betjhnb, E. R. (1916). Nosema apis in Victoria. Journ. of the Dept. of Agric. of Victoria, xiv, 



629. 

 Bbvan, E. (1827). The Honey Bee. London. 



Cbitchlow, B. p. (16. vii. 1904). Oleanings in Bee Culture Medina, Ohio, xxxir, 692. 

 Dadant, C. (1907). Langstroth on the hive and Honey Bee. Revised by Dadant. lUinois, 



U.S.A. 

 Fleming, G. (1871). Animal Plagues. London. 

 Geaham-Smith, G. S., Fantham, H. B., Poetee, A., Maldbn, W. and Btjllamobb, G. W. 



(1912). Report on the Isle of Wight,Bee Disease (Microsporidiosis). Supplem,ent No. 8, 



Journ. of the Bd. of Agric. xix. 

 Hannemann (1909). Cited by Zander (1911). 

 Hiest, S. (1921). On the mite Acarapis woodi (Rennie) associated with the Isle of Wight 



Bee Disease. Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist. Ninth Series, No. 42, 509. 

 Langstroth, L. L. (1868). On the Hive and Honey Bee. Third Edition. Philadelphia 



See also Dadant (1907). 

 Maassbn, a. (1911). Zur Aetiologie und Epidemologie der Ruhr bei den Bienenvolkern. 



Mitteilungen a. d. K. Biolog. Anstaltf. Land- und Forstivirtschaft, 50. 

 Maldbn, W. (ii. 1909). Further Report on a Disease of Bees in the Isle of Wight. Jcmrn 



of the Bd. of Agric. xv, 809. 

 NussBAUMBE, T. (1912). Einige Erfahrungen tJber die Nosemakrankheit. Schweizerische 



Bienenzeitung (Reprint). 

 Rbnnib, J. and Haevby, E. (1919 a). Isle of Wight Disease in Hive Bees. Jmirn. of the 



Scottish Bd. of Agric. n, 176. 



(1919 b). Nosema apis in Hive Bees. Ibid, n, 511. 



Rbnnib, J., White, P. B. and Habvby, E. (1920). Isle of Wight Disease in Hive Bees 



Trans. Boy. Soc. Edin. m, 737. 

 RB;isrNiE, J. (1921). Notes on Acarine Disease. Bee World, rn, 117. 

 SiLVBE, J. (1907). Bee Disease in the Isle of Wight. Irish Bee Journal, vii, 10. 

 TiNSLBY, J. (1918). PreUminary Report on the Isle of Wight Bee Disease. Bulletin 85 W. 



of Scotland Agric. Coll. Glasgow. 

 Zander, E. (1911). Handbuch der Bienenkunde. 



