CHAPTER. VIt. 
DIVISION II—GREEN CROPS. 
ARTICHOKE.— (Cynara Scolymus). 
This plant, commonly called Globe Artichoke, is a 
hardy perennial, introduced from South Europe in 1548. It 
is cultivated in this country as a vegetable, the part eaten 
being the lower fleshy portion of the imbricated scales of the 
parts of the flower-head termed the involucre ana receptacle. 
The artichoke may be propagated either from seed or by 
division of the plant. The latter is the method generally 
adopted in gardens where a stock of it exists. As it has a 
tendency to deteriorate in vigour after several years’ cultiva- 
tion, a new plantation is made every two or three years by 
dividing some of the older plants, and replanting in rows four 
or five feet apart, and three feet from plant to plant, upon 
deeply dug and well manured ground. 
Seed ought to be sown in March on rich soil, and in rows 
one foot apart. Transplant the seedings, as soon as they are 
large enough, to their permanent quarters, the soil of which 
should be as advised for the divided plants. Water after 
plenting, and during dry weather, until the artichokes are 
established. Hoe the soil frequently during summer and 
autumn. and in November place a good dressing of manure 
or litter close up to and around their stems to protect them 
from injury by frost. 
By maintaining the stock of plants in a vigorous 
condition, a supply of good heads may be obtained from the 
beginning of June to the end of October. 
