108 GARDENING FOR ALL. 
and do not root freely. The best plan is to drive a strong 
and durable stake (stout bamboos are the best) firmly into 
each hole or position before the tree is planted. By doing 
this there is no danger of injuring the top or stem of the tree 
with the mallet or hammer, or of driving the stake through 
any of the principal roots. The stake should be an inch or 
two from the centre of the hole in order that the stem of the 
tree itself may be in the exact centre. 
Strong and tarred twine or string forms the most satis- 
factory tying material, and a band or collar of some kind 
should be first placed 
round the stem of the 
tree; then the tar twine 
ought to be passed twice 
round the collar, then 
twisted twice or three 
times between the stem 
of the tree and the stake, 
and finally made secure 
round the stake. 
oS, 
if 
gent hy OCI 
Before each tree is 
planted, all the roots. 
ought to be examined 
and any bruisedor broken 
ones smoothed off with a 
sharp knife, each cut to 
: a 7 __-, have a sharp slope up- 
izle Z = Grrr wards and outwards, the 
Ys. AWA wounds will then heal 
AD (i ay more quickly and be less 
Z SILA liable to decay, and the 
“i SZ iable cay. a 
Z LLG new roots which are 
F formed will have a start 
Ww thod of plant tree. 
a cd a in the right direction. 
Most trees are better for having their branches shortened 
more or less after being transplanted, but the amount of 
pruning to be done will be governed by circumstances. Some 
good practitioners think that all stone fruits, especially plums, 
should be left unpruned, but I think a careful and even 
balancing of active roots and branches is the wisest policy. 
Oeil 
wept 
