Birds Pigeons 
inverted, forming a pointed crest, which gives the 
bird a surprised look. The neck and upper breast 
have inverted, curled feathers 
forming a dainty frill. This bird 
has been known for more than 
a century. 
The Nun has the head and 
primary wing feathers and tail 
feathers of the same color, pref- 
SS erably black, and the rest of the 
THE JACOBIN body white. It is characterized 
by a circle of inverted feathers 
extending from ear to ear, which makes a shell crest 
about the head, resembling a nun’s cap. The bird 
has been known about one-hundred and fifty years. 
The Archangel was introduced into Europe from 
Asia about a century ago. Thehead, neck, breast and 
under parts are copper bronze, with a sheen of ruby red. 
The wing coverts and rump are black with green lus- 
ter, and the tail is dark blue with a black bar at the end. 
The Homer or Antwerp does not differ in color or 
form from the common pigeon, 
but has such powers of flight, 
and such success in finding its 
way home, that it is freely 
accorded a place as a fancy 
pigeon. Pigeons have been 
used to convey news since his- 
tory began, and probably long 
before. They were used by all 
nations in olden times, and 
often now are used in war to THE TURBIT 
carry messages. 
The training of the Homer consists in taking a 
young bird a short distance from home—say ten or 
180 
