PLATE 181. 
CaLCEOLA PROTEUS, Nov. Spec. Magara. 
1. Anterior view of a proliferous corallum, from the Upper Niagara 
white clay, near Louisville. Collection of the author. 
2. View of portions of some corallets partly imbedded in rock matrix; 
from the Upper Niagara strata, Falls of the Ohio. Collection 
of Mr. Nettelroth. 
3. Posterior view of a large corallum, from the white clay of the 
Upper Niagara, near Louisville. Collection of Mr. Nettelroth. 
4. Posterior view of a corallum of average size, from the red clay of 
the Upper Niagara, near Louisville. Collection of the author. 
5. View of the calyx and oblique anterior view of a corallum, from 
the horizon and neighborhood of example 4. Collection of the 
author. 
6. View of the calyx and oblique posterior view of a corallum, from 
the locality of specimen 5. : 
8. 9. Oblique views (8 inverted) of small coralla, from the Upper 
Niagara white clay, near Louisville. Collection of the author. 
7. Oblique view of a corallum, whose calyx is closed by an opercu- 
lum; from the white clay of the Upper Niagara, near Louisville. 
Collection of Mr. Nettelroth. 
14. 15. 16. Oblique views of coralla, with calyces closed by opercula; 
from the horizon and vicinage of specimen 7. Collection of the 
author. 
13. View of the exterior surface of the operculum of a corallum of 
average size; from the horizon and neighborhood of example 7. 
Collection of Mr. Nettelroth. 
17. View of ‘the operculum of a small corallum from the same place. 
Collection of the author. 
10. View of a gem detached from its parent. 
11. Posterior view of a gemmiferous corallum. 
12. Posterior view of a fortuitously detached gem. 
Specimens 10, 11, 12, are from the Upper Niagara red clay strata, 
near Louisville. Collection of the author. 
{Nore.—In Fig. 18 an oblique posterior view of a corallum of Cualceola sandalina, an European form 
said to be from the Devonian strata of the Eifel, closed by an operculum, is here presented for com- 
parison with our Niagara species. ] 
