376 



THE BOOK OF GARDENING. 



shrub that should be noted by the planter ; it is of good growth, 

 and very hardy. C. alba should be planted for winter effect, 

 preferably in groups in front of taller-growing shrubs. After its 



leaves have fallen, the 

 bare red stems create 

 a rich colour-picture. 

 One of the most effec 

 tive of variegated shrubs 

 is C. a. Spaethi (C 

 sibirica Spaethi). The 

 pale green leaves are 

 striped with yellow, and 

 irregularly bordered with 

 golden-yellow. C. alter- 

 nifolia, C. circinata, 

 C. sanguinea, and C. 

 officinalis are good Dog- 

 woods, too. C. mas 

 (Cornelian Cherry) is 

 of tree-like habit, and 

 in February and March 

 is particularly notice- 

 able when bearing its 

 clusters of tiny yellow 

 flowers ; it thrives well 

 in sandy soil. 



Corylus avellana atro-purpurea (Purple-leaved Nut) is a 

 handsome shrub or small-growing tree, with crimson-purple foliage. 

 It may be grown in either bush or standard form, and for planting 

 in shrubberies where silver-leaved or pale green shrubs pre- 

 dominate, its value is considerable. In order to secure large and 

 richly-coloured leaves, hard pruning should be practised yearly. 

 C. colurna (C. arborea) is very ornamental when displaying its 

 long showy catkins. C. heterophylla [C. Sieboldiand) and 

 C. rostrata are noteworthy. 



Cotoneasters. — -See " Berry-bearing Trees and Shrubs." 



Crataegus (Thorns) form a group of considerable importance 

 amongst low-growing trees, and may be cultivated in gardens of 

 restricted area. They grow in almost any kind of soil, and either 

 when covered with their fragrant white, pink, or red flowers in 

 spring, or when laden with showy berries in autumn and winter, 

 are highly ornamental. The following are a few of the best 

 kinds : C. coccinea is the scarlet-fruited North American Thorn, 

 and grows to a height of from 20ft. to 30ft. ; its white flowers are 

 produced in May, and its deep green cordate leaves turn in 

 autumn to rich crimson. Its effect in winter is very fine. 

 C. c. macrantha is a vigorous Thorn with a spreading head, and 



Fig. 245. — CoKJsrus Florida. 



