ON TREES AND SHRUBS. 499 



pretty variety, of low growth, with short branches and 

 small sharply-pointed glaucous leaves. J. c. oblonga requires 

 a rich soil. It forms a medium-sized bush with bright green 

 leaves. J. c. suecica (Swedish Juniper) is of robust and 

 compact habit, and its branches are well clothed with glaucous 

 leaves. 



J. drupacea (Plum-fruited Juniper) (Fig. 316) is a distinct species, 

 introduced from Asia Minor about fifty years ago. It is a 

 handsome Conifer for small lawns, and when planted in loamy, 

 well-drained soil and sheltered situations, forms a tree of upright 

 habit, with leaves of a rich green shade. J. exceZsa, an elegant 

 species from Asia Minor, was introduced to this country 

 in 1806. It is free in growth, much branched, and its 

 slender branchlets are clothed with greyish leaves ; both 

 distinct and handsome. J. e. Perkinsii is distinctly free in 

 growth, very beautiful, of pyramidal habit, and its glaucous 

 leaves show up well in winter. J. e. stricta forms an 

 ornamental tree, with pale green leaves ; it is of closer 

 habit than the type. J. japonica aurea bears some resemblance 

 to J. chinensis aurea, but differs from that form in its branchlets 

 being longer and more pendulous. The leaves are yellow, 

 becoming brown as winter approaches. It is rather slow in 

 growth. J. litoralis (J. conferta), a beautiful Japanese kind, is of 

 prostrate habit, and forms a dense carpet. ' Its glaucous leaves 

 and reddish-brown bark — especially of the young wood — are par- 

 ticularly pleasing in winter., It is free in growth and a delight- 

 ful rock-garden shrub. J. occidentalis Burkei forms a neat tree 

 of pyramidal outline, with drooping branchlets. J. pachyphlcea 

 is a rather rare species, indigenous to New Mexico, and quite 

 hardy here. Its chief recommendation is the glaucous hue of 

 its foliage and young growths, but as the tree gets old it is apt 

 to become unsightly. It is very attractive in a young state. 

 J. phcenicea (J. bacciformis, J. tetragona), from the Mediterranean 

 region, has been cultivated in this country for upwards of 200 

 years. It forms a conical or pyramidal tree, covered with 

 conspicuous brownish - red bark. The slender branches are 

 clothed with pale green scale-like leaves. It is a useful lawn tree. 

 J. rigida, discovered on the mountains of Japan in 1861, 

 forms a very _ handsome small tree. It is of rather irregular 

 outline, with drooping branches, the young wood being brown 

 and the narrow, stiff, needle-shaped leaves rich green. The 

 latter assume a brownish hue in winter. Like the last-named, 

 it is a beautiful lawn tree. 



J. Sabina (Common Savin) (Fig. 317) has been cultivated in 

 British gardens for upwards of four centuries, and although not so 

 ornamental as some of its congeners, is useful for planting on 

 mounds and rockeries. It forms a dwarf shrub of spreading 

 habit, and grows freely in light soils. J. S. procumbens is an 



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