—Onion Fly, Larva, 

 and Pupa. 



ON VEGETABLE CULTURE. 1067 



about 3111. they may be thinned out to 6in. apart in the rows, 



unless wanted for pickling, when they should be sown a month 



later than mentioned above, and will need no thinning. If 



required for exhibition, it is neces- 

 sary to sow the seed in heat early 

 in January, and to transfer the 

 seedlings when large enough into 

 small pots, afterwards gradually 

 hardening off, planting out ift. 

 apart each way early in April, and 

 feeding weekly with diluted liquid 

 manure or ioz. of nitrate of soda 

 to each square yard ; failing these 

 some of the prepared artificial 

 manures are valuable, but must not 

 be allowed to fall on the foliage. 

 In the autumn, when growth has 

 ceased, the bulbs should all be 

 lifted carefully and exposed to the 



sun and wind for a week or so; they will then be ready to 



store away thinly in a cool, . dry, frost-proof structure. 



All the Tripoli section, and most of those varieties usually 



sown in spring, will succeed very well if sown in drills as 



advised above early in August, and the 



following March planted out in good deep 



rich soil ift. apart. Where the Onion 



Fly (Fig. 684) is very troublesome it is 



an excellent plan to sow in the autumn, 



as the pest very seldom troubles them, 



and such varieties as Ailsa Craig, James's 



Keeping (Fig. 685), and other sorts usually 



sown in spring, will produce large sound bulbs 



that will keep equally as long as spring-sown 



Onions. See also Shallots, page 1074. 

 Onion Mildew (Peronospora Schleident) is a 



most debilitating disease. The fungus attacks 



the leaves, causing them to assume an un- 

 healthy yellow appearance, and ultimately to 



die. If the leaves attacked are burned at 



once, and the other plants sprayed with liver of 



sulphur, the disease will be stayed : but if they 



are allowed to remain in the soil, spores will be 



distributed, increasing the gardener's trouble, p IG . (&r onion 



as eventually winter spores will be developed. James's Keeping. 



Parsley. 



In every garden this plant is indispensable, and to have a 

 constant supply seed ought to be sown in March, and again 



