158 THE BIRDS 
shrubs and vines in the United States, 63 of which are 
seriously injured and 32 have been killed.” We, there- 
fore, can easily see the great amount of damage which 
these birds do each year. We must not, however, lay any 
of the blame on the other species of woodpeckers found 
within our State, as they are really beneficial birds. The 
nest is generally located in a hardwood dead tree or tree 
top stub, the hole being drilled by the birds early in April, 
and by May 1st fresh eggs may be found, four to five in 
number, glossy-white, unmarked. Size, .86x.62, Only 
one brood a season. These birds may be easily dis- 
tinguished from our other woodpeckers by their brilliant 
red crown and throat, breast patch black, and yellow belly. 
I found them fairly common at Mountain Lake, 4,500 
feet altitude. 
GENUS PHLEOTOMUS. 
[405]. Phleotomus pileatus pileatus (Linnwus). 
Pileated Woodpecker. 
[Log Cock]. 
Ranee.—.A\ustroriparian forests of southern United 
States from southeastern Virginia south and west to 
middle Texas and western Oklahoma; casual in the 
Bahamas. 
This is rather a rare resident species with us, though 
many can be seen during the spring and fall migrations 
in company with the flickers. These migrating birds are 
the sub-species (Pileatus abieticola) or northern form. 
The heavy drumming with their beak on a dead tree can 
be heard for a mile awav on a still day, the woods fairly 
