OF VIRGINIA 165 
[412-A]. Colaptes auratus luteus. (Bangs). Northern 
Flicker. 
Ranxexe.— Northern and eastern North America. Breeds 
from tree mit in northwestern Alaska, northwestern 
Mackenzie, central Keewatin, southern Ungava, and New- 
foundland south, east of the Rocky Mountains, to 
northern edges of Austroriparian zone, occasionally on 
Pacific slope from California northward; accidental in 
Greenland; migratory through most of Canada but more 
or less a regular resident within the United States, except 
the extreme northern parts; south in winter to the Gulf 
Coast and southern Texas. 
This is a sub-species of the former bird, the description 
of which, together with the local names, habits, food, ete., 
apply equally as well to this form. The Northern Flicker 
is supposed to be somewhat larger than the southern form. 
As it would take a specialist in speciation or a series of 
skins to separate these two forms of flicker, the average 
would-be bird student will not be led far astray by calling 
both forms, which overlap in our area, Flicker. Skins 
taken in the western part of this State are of this variety. 
