294 THE BIRDS 
[659]. Dendroica pensylvanica (Linneus). Chestnut- 
sided Warbler. 
Ranee.—Eastern North America. Breeds mainly in 
Transition zone from central Saskatchewan, northwestern 
Manitoba, central Ontario, and Newfoundland south to 
eastern Nebraska, Illinois, Indiana, northern Ohio, 
northern New Jersey, and Rhode Island, and south in the 
Alleghenies to Tennessee and South Carolina, and 
casually in southern Missouri and the Wabash Valley; 
winters from Guatemala to Panama; in migration casual 
in Florida, the Bahamas, and southern Mexico. 
This is a fairly common warbler in our inland section, 
especially during the migrations. Professor Smyth 
reports them as “breeding at Blacksburg May 23rd,” while 
it is common all along our mountains the last of April 
and first week in May, migrating southward again in 
early September. They are a bird of the lower foliage, 
preferring the scrubby second growth, lower branches and 
bushes, from which they gather their food of insects, 
caterpillars, ants and worms. The nest is placed in an 
upright crotch of a bush, or thick clump of weeds, from 
eighteen inches to three feet above ground, composed of 
dry weed stems, grasses, plant fiber and down, lined with 
fine grasses. The eggs number four, a dull white, specked 
and blotched with dark brown. Size, .66x.52. Fresh 
eges May 20th to June 5th. This warbler of the lower 
foliage is one of the many imposed upon by the Cowbird 
when depositing eggs. (See Cowbird 495.) I found them 
breeding very abundantly in Giles County, June 5th to 
15th, where the nests were placed in blackberry bushes, 
two to three and a half feet up. 
