84 MARINE ALG 
branching; spore-masses sometimes form knotty bunches on the side of 
branches. It resembles a large Cystoclonium purpurascens. It is charac- 
teristic of Long Island Sound, and is not found north of Cape Cod, but 
common from there southward along the whole Atlantic coast. (Plate 
XXI. 
R. eionitie This species is common on the Pacific coast, and dif- 
fers from R. tenera in having a more pronounced leading stem, and 
branches shorter and crowded at the top of the frond. 
Genus Hucheuma 
E. isiforme. Frond grows in tufts a foot or more in diameter; stems 
branch in all directions from a central point, and taper gradually to the 
end; secondary branches spread to all sides; all branches swollen at 
intervals and armed with several spines spreading from a conical base ; 
color dark red, becoming on exposure orange or yellow, and at length 
semi-transparent and horn-like; substance firmly cartilaginous. Abun- 
dant at Key West. 
ORDER RHODYMENIACEZ 
SUBORDER SPHEROCOCCEER 
Genus Gracilaria 
G. multipartita (‘many times divided”). Frond four to twelve 
inches long; starting from a short, cylmdrical stem, it flattens and 
broadens as it rises, dividing in an irregular, forking manner, or cleft 
into palmate segments which broaden as they rise, and which divide in 
the same manner; often cleft or branched on the edges; conical spore- 
masses scattered over the frond during July and August; dingy purple 
in color.. The plant is variable and sometimes is difficult to determine. ‘It 
is common from Cape Cod southward. A narrow variety is most abun- 
dant in Long Island Sound. In Florida and on the California coast there 
ae ine varieties which may be mistaken for Rhodymenia. (Plate 
Genus Hypnea 
HI. musciformis (‘ moss-like”). Frond six to twelve inches long; 
main stem running through, thick below and tapering to the size of a 
bristle ; much and irregularly branched, especially at the base ; branches 
wide-spreading in every direction, and longest at the base; branches 
branch again in the same manner ; all parts beset with short, horizontal 
spines; color purplish-red. A characteristic feature, by which the plant 
can easily be distinguished, is that the ends of the long branches are 
naked and are turned over like a hook, or nearly twisted. It is found 
washed ashore, often in large, intricately twisted tufts, from Cape Cod 
southward and on the Pacific coast. 
