RED SEAWEEDS 93 
like layer of cells over the whole surface, which make the ring-like 
bands on the filaments less conspicuous. 
Variety proliferum. Fronds beset on all sides with simple or forked 
branchlets. (Plate XXXIV.) 
Variety secundatum. Branchlets generally arranged on one side 
of the filaments, or seeund. 
C. strictum (“straight”). Brown or purplish-red filaments of hair- 
like fineness, growing in tufts two to six inches high, branching in nar- 
row forks more and more closely as they reach the top of the frond. 
There are no principal branches, the filaments being of about the same 
diameter and regularly dividing in a forking manner throughout. The 
filaments are banded, the red rings being relatively very narrow. The 
white interstices at the base are several times longer than broad, but 
shorten gradually until at the top they are of equal length with the red 
bands. This species is common from Cape Cod to New York. 
C. diaphanum. This species has comparatively stout leading 
branches, with secondary alternate branches which are finer than the 
main stems and divide in a forking manner throughout, and ultimately 
become very fine. The color is brown or purplish-red, distinctly banded. 
It grows on eel-grass and alge, and is found from Cape Cod to New 
York. (Plate XXXIV.) 
C. fastigiatum. Filaments of hair-like fineness and of about same 
size throughout; branched in regular forking manner throughout, 
the divisions being wide and distant at the base, but gradually becom- 
ing closer and narrower as they reach the top; the upper segments 
about equal, giving a level top and regular outline in mounted speci- 
mens ; the terminal forks erect, or less incurved than in other species; 
small points or branchlets emanate from some of the nodes or joints 
between the bands of color; tufts globe-shaped, two to five inches high ; 
color lake-red. This species grows on mud-flats and mud-covered rocks 
as well as on alge and eel-grass. 
C. tenuissimum. Fronds two to four inches high, densely tufted ; 
the forked divisions very wide or open; color rose-pink. 
Variety patentissimum. Fronds small; the forked divisions dis- 
tant and very wide open. A mounted specimen appears somewhat like 
network. The species is common in Long Island Sound. (Plate 
XXXIV.) ; 
Genus Microcladia 
M. Coulteri. Cylindrical, slightly flattened main stem ; branches set 
uniformly and alternately, short at the base, gradually lengthening as 
far as the center, and from there diminishing to the apex of the stem, 
giving a leaf-like outline. The same mode of branching and the same 
outline are repeated in the branches. The ultimate divisions are like 
forked divisions, and are somewhat incurved. The plant is six to eight 
inches high, and in color is of many shades of red and pink. Itis found 
in abundance on the Pacific coast at all seasons. (Plate XXXV.) 
M. borealis. Branches and branchlets placed on one side of arched 
main stems; secondary branches curved in opposite direction and bear- 
ing branchlets, also divided on one side only; color dark brown. It is 
found on the northern Pacific coast. (Plate XXXV.) 
