SEA-ANEMONES 145 
northward, and is found near low-water mark in tide-pools, on the under 
side of large stones, in sheltered crevices of rocks, and on the piles of 
wharves and bridges. In contraction it is a broad, low cone, but when 
expanded is sometimes ten inches across the disk. Allied species found 
in Florida are eighteen inches in diameter. The column is smooth, 
cylindrical, and broader than long. At the top is a slightly elevated, 
thickened fold, and above this a deeply folded and frilled margin, with 
numerous fine, short tentacles, appearing like a fringe, which cover the 
upper side of the disk half-way to the oval mouth. The color is exceed- 
ingly variable; commonly the column is yellowish-brown, but it may be 
pink, white, salmon, orange, or dark brown, or striped or mottled with 
different colors. The disk and folds are lighter or flesh-colored, and the 
tentacles are of varying colors, usually grayish with tips of brighter 
colors. When irritated this species throws out from the column num- 
bers of long, slender white threads (acontia), which are covered with 
minute stinging-cells. These organs of defense protect the animal 
from the attacks of many enemies. 
Genus Rhodactinia 
R. davidsii (Agassiz), Tealia crassiformis (Gosse), the thick- 
petaled rose-anemone. The color varies, being often bluish-green 
mottled with crimson, often bright cherry-red, with the thick tentacles 
somewhat lighter in shade, or flesh-colored. The animal is found in 
shallow water. It assumes various shapes, changing every few minutes. 
The tentacles are short, conical, and uniform in size; the column, the 
breadth of which is greater than its height, often has wart-like processes 
in longitudinal lines. The diameter of the disk is about three inches. 
Found from Cape Cod northward in tide-pools and on ledges covered 
with Fucus. 
Genus Holocampa 
H. producta. Its column, stretched to its full extent, is a foot in 
length and about an inch in diameter, but when contracted is much 
shorter and thicker. It has but twenty tentacles, and these have swollen 
tips. Rows of suckers extend the length of the column. It ranges from 
Cape Cod to South Carolina, and is found under rocks at low-tide mark, 
and also on sandy beaches, buried in the sand, with its tentacles only 
above the surface. 
Genus Sagartia 
S. leucolena, the white-armed anemone. It ranges from Cape Cod 
to North Carolina, and is common in Long Island Sound, being found at 
low-water mark on the under side of stones. The column is elongated, 
cylindrical, translucent, flesh-colored, with simple plain disk and long, 
slender, whitish tentacles crowded together near the margin. 
10 
