HERMIT-CRABS 267 
with hermits. Adamsia palliata is always found on the shell oc- 
eupied by Hupagurus prideaux, and never on any other. This is a 
European form. On our own coast 
a red anemone, the Epizoanthus 
americanus, found in deep water off 
the entire eastern shore, fastens on 
the shell occupied by the hermits 
Eupagurus pubescens and LE. kroyert. 
This anemone in time absorbs the 
shell of its host and itself becomes _,,4 Colony of sca-anemones (Ept 
americanus) which had completely cov- 
j pis ered and absorbed a shell occupied by a 
its protector sa advantage to the hermit-crab (Eupagurus pubescens), which 
hermit, who finds room in the yield-_ still lived within the cavity. The polyps 
. . A 3 are not expanded. 
ing polyp-mass for its increasing 
size, and feels no longer the necessity for change of domicile. The 
female hermit holds its eggs.in the posterior feet until they are 
hatched; the young are then released, pass into the water, and 
soon find shells for themselves. 
th 
Genus Pagurus 
P. bernhardus. This is a large species, bright red in color, rough 
and hairy. It inhabits the shells of Fulgur carica or of Polynices 
heros. It ranges from Cape Cod north- 
ward, and is replaced on the northern 
California coast by P. alaskensis and P. 
aleuticus. 
P. pollicaris. This hermit inhabits 
shells similar to those occupied by the last, 
but is pale red in color, and its surface is 
granulated and not hairy. The short joint 
of the chela has a broad angle. It ranges 
from Massachusetts to Florida, and occurs 
at low-water mark on rocky and shelly 
bottoms of bays and sounds. 
P. longicarpus. A quick-moving little 
hermit with long chelipeds, found in small 
shells at the water’s edge in quiet places. 
They exist in great numbers and are 
eaten, shell and all, by fish. This species can be distinguished from 
all others by its very light color and metallic luster. 
Pagurus bernhardus, the hermit-crab. 
Genus Clibanarius 
C. vittatus. This hermit is found from North Carolina southward 
along the edge of the water and in tide-pools. It cannot be mistaken 
