490 
gastrula of egg of, 466; segmentation 
of egg of, 467; used as food, 157 
G 
Gallinule, foot of, 385, 386, 387 
Game-birds number of eggs laid by, 438 
Gannet, bill of, 227, 228 
Gastrula, 466, 468; compared with 
sponge, 469, 470 
Gill-arches, of chick, 114; evolution of, 
114, 115; ultimate distribution of, in 
chick, 114, 115 
Gill-bars of shark, 113 
Gill-basket of lamprey, 112 
Gill-clefts in Amphioxus, 473; embryo 
chick, 476; fishes, 473 
Giraffe, neck-vertebre of, compared with 
those of bird, 73, 75 
Girdles, embryonic development of, 475 
Gizzard, 134-140; change in structure 
of, 137, 138; function of, 135; of 
Fruit Pigeons, 138; of Hornbills, 139, 
140 
stones of Cassowary, 136; crocodiles, 
138; extinct Moas, 136, 137 
of pigeon shown by X-ray, 63 
Glottis of nestling Robin, 166; Peli- 
can, 166 
Goat-sucker, West African, wing orna- 
ments of, 349 
Goldfinch, flight of, 329; tongue of, 125 
Goose, Canada, embryo of, 474; colour 
of eggs of, 448; muscle of skin in, 188; 
sense of hearing in, 216; Spur-wing, 
wing of, 346, 347; use of wing in 
young Canada, 322 
Grackle, tail of Boat-tailed, 418 
Grebe, eggs of, 432; flight of, 341; foot 
of, 391 
Grouse, Black, moult of, 48; colour of 
eggs of, 447; Ruffed, ruff of, 277; 
Ruffed, use of wing of, 547; toes of 
Ruffed, 380, 381 
Guinea Fowl, Vulturine, evolution of 
colour pattern on wings of, 58, 59, 
61 
Gullet, of Cormorant, 133; crocodile, 134 
Gull, change in gizzard of, 137, 138; 
flight of, 328; food of, 161; Her- 
ring, wing of, 328 
Ivory, aggressive coloration in, 309, 
311; protective coloration in 309, 
3II 
Laughing, nest of, 437; protective 
coloration of, 309, 312; number of 
eggs laid by, 436 
Gyrfalcon, aggressive coloration in, 309, 
312 
Index 
H 
Hatching of embryo Chick, 480; Os- 
trich, 481 
Hawk Duck, food of, 158; head of, 211; 
teet of Rough-legged, 389; mimicked 
by Cuckoo, 311, 312; number of 
eggs laid by, 440; skull of, compared 
with that of Heron, 199, 200 
Heads and necks, 252-284 
Head of, Adjutant, 276; Apteryx, 254; 
256; Barn Owl, 253; Bell-bird, 273, 
Caracara, 271, 272; Eared Pheasant, 
267, 268; Condor, 271; Crowned 
Crane, 252, 265; Domestic Cock, 274; 
Dove, 253; Duck Hawk, 211; Java 
Peacock, 258; Jing Vulture, 272, 
273; Seriema, 257; Sloth, 210; 
Wild Turkey, 273, 275 
Heart, beats of that of bird, 182; 
chambers of, 182, 184; of croco- 
dile, 181; of fish, 181; of embryo 
36 hours old, 472; evolution of, 180, 
181; position of, in vertebrates, 181 
Helmet of Cassowary, 275, 288; Horn- 
bill, 278 
Hemispheres, cerebral, 200 
Hen, abnormal number of eggs laid by 
domestic, 444 
Heron, a still hunter, 156; Boat-billed, 
237, 238; body of, 386; cause of 
downiness in feather of, 35; colony 
of Great Blue, 450; colour of eggs 
of, 448; comb on toe of, 387, 388; 
divisions of feathers in wing of young 
of, 320; Great Blue, 237; in sleep, 
344; Night, 237; Night, crest of, 
259; skull of, compared with that 
of Hawk; 199, 200; standing on 
toes, 101; tail of Green, 413; use 
of wing in young Green, 323; wing 
of Great White, 321 
Hesperornis, habits and structure, 3-6; 
restoration of, Frontispiece 
Hoatzin, clavicles of, 86; crop of, 130, 
131; keel repressed by crop, 132 
Honey Creeper, tongue of, 127, 129 
Hornbill, casque of, 275, 278; eye- 
lashes of, 257; feeding mate from 
its gizzard, 137, 138 
Horse, toes of, 358 
Hudson, quoted, 329, 333 
Huia Bird, bill of, 248, 249, 250 
Humerus, 92, 96 
Humidity, effect on plumage of, Bob 
White, 293, 295; Song Sparrow, 292, 
295; White-throated Sparrow, 291, 
294; Wood Thrush, 294 
Hummingbird, Anna, nest of, 443; eggs 
of, 443; bills of, 244, 245, 246, 247, 
