Index 
Pelvic girdle, see Thigh-girdle. 
Pelvis, compared with that of reptiles, 
74; vertebrie in, 74 
Penguin, aggressive coloration in, 309, 
310; body-teathers of, 289; eggs of, 
435; fat of, 280; tood ot, 153; method 
of fishing of, 154; moult of, 51; skin- 
muscles in, 188; tail of Black-footed, 
406; wing of, 321, 341, 342, 343 
Pepper, effect on plumage of, 292 
Petrel, body of, 286; ejecting oil from 
crop, 131 
Pickerel, aggressive coloration in, 310 
Pigeon, Blood-breasted, 306, 308;  cir- 
culatory system of, 183; Crowned, 
crest of, 260, 261; Double-crested, 270; 
extreme development of crop of, 130, 
gizzard of Fruit, 138; nervous system 
of, 197; number of eggs laid by, 440; 
symptoms of flight in, 350, 352; tail 
of, 402; tail of Fan-tail, 404; wings 
and breast-muscles of, 190, wing- 
feather of, 35; X-ray photograph 
of, 63 
Pigment, colour caused by, 54, 55 
Pipit, effect of climate on, 295, 296; 
foot of, 367, 368 
Phalarope, feet of, 384 
Pheasant, Argus, colour pattern of, 58; 
Eared, head of, 267, 268; feet of, 380; 
flight of, 323, 324; number of eggs 
laid by Peacock, 440; ruff of Lady 
Amherst, 277, 278; spurs of Peacock, 
383; tail of Peacock, 419, 420; 
tail of Reeves, 416, 418; wing of, 327 
Phororachus, skull of, 16; structure of, 
13, 14 
Plantain-eater, green pigment in, 55 
Ploughshare-bone, 400, 402, 403 
Plover, Crook-billed, 240, 241; feet of, 
384; nest and eggs of Ixilldeer, 431, 
432 
Pollen, used as food, 144, 145 
Powder-down, 38; of Great White Heron, 
SY 
Prairie hen, use of air-sacs in, 117 
Precocial nestling, 30 
Precoracoid in embryo, 475 
Primaries, moult of, in Bob-white, 43; 
English Sparrow, 46; Mallard, 47; 
Robin, 43 
Primaries, of Albatross, 320, 321, 325; 
Cassowary, 321, 337, 338; Hum- 
mingbird, 320, 321, 325; Ostriches, 
321; Penguins, 321 
Protective coloration, in Brown Creeper, 
303, 304; Flickers, 302, 303, 304; 
Ivory Gull, 309, 311; Laughing Gull, 
304, 306; Motmot, 303; Nighthawk, 
296, 301; Ostrich, 306, 307; Ptar- 
+03 
migan, 298, 300, 309; Quail, 299, 
300; Sandpipers, 299; Sparrows, 299; 
Black-necked Swan, 305, 306; Sooty 
‘Tern, 300, 303; Thayer’s experiments 
in, 299; of eggs, 446-459 
Proventriculus, 135 
Ptarmigan, feet of, 381; food of, 144; 
moult of, 48, 50, 51, 52; protective 
coloration in, 298, 300, 309 
Pterodactyls, 2,9; weight of, 285 
Pterylosis, 39, 40; of nestling Crow, 39 
Pubis, 89, 90; in embryo bird, 90 
Puthn, iris of eye of, 256 
Q 
Quadrate, 109, 110; in reptiles, 111 
Quail, feet of, 380; protective colora- 
_ tion in, 299, 300 
Quezal, sham tail of, 421, 422 
R 
Rabbit, tail of, 413 
Radius, 92 
Ratite, 82 
Raven, bill of American, 225; feeding 
on ostrich-eggs, 158; foot of, 356 
Redstart, life-habits of, 363, 364 
Reptiles, causes of colour in, 56; eggs 
of, 428, 429; trachea of, 169 
Respiration of embryo chick, 476 
Rhea, number of eggs laid by, 433 
Rhinoceros-bird, foot of, 357 
Ribs, 77-79; abdominal, of Archeop- 
teryx and of reptiles, 79; embryo, 
473, 474; function of, 77 79; 
Hatteria Lizard, 77; Screamer, 77; 
significance of numerous, 78 
Road-runner, food of, 157; foot of, 
373; tail of, 413 
Robin, glottis of nestling, 166; moult 
of, 43; spots in young, 316, 317 
Rock-jumper, body-feathers of, 288; 
feet of, 393 
Ruff of, Lady Amherst Pheasant, 277, 
278; Ruff, 277, 270, 280; Ruffed 
Grouse, 277; Superb Bird of Paradise, 
207 
Ruff, feather cloak of, 277, 279, 280 
8 
Salivary glands, original function of, 
117, 118; in Swiftlets, 119; Swiits, 
119; Woodpeckers, 118 
Salmon, eggs of, 427 
Sandgrouse, feet of, 383 
Sandpipers, protective coloration in, 
299; semipalmated, feet of, 384 
