OF PISHES FEOM LAKE TANGANYIKA. 567 



55. Pelmatochromis melanostigma, sp. n. (Plate XXXIX. fig. 1.) 



Depth of bod}' 2| to 3^ times in total length, length of head 2f to 2| times. Snout 

 with more or less curved upper profile, as long as or a little shorter than the eye, which 

 is 2f to 3 times in length of head and exceeds intevocular width ; mouth extending to 

 below anterior border of eye ; teeth forming a narrow villiform band, some on the 

 sides of the lower jaw strongly enlarged ; two series of scales on the cheek. Gill- 

 rakers short, 10 to 12 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal XV-XVI 11-12 ; spines 

 rather strong, equal in length from the sixth or seventh, f to ^ length of head; longest 

 soft rays | length of head. Anal III 6-7 ; third spine a little shorter than longest 

 dorsals. Pectoral acutely pointed, slightly shorter than head, reaching origin of anal. 

 Ventral reaching origin of anal or beyond. Caudal peduncle once and ^ as long as 

 deep. Caudal deeply notched. Scales finely denticulate, 34-48 ^*f^*; lateral lines 

 ~23- Dark olive above, yellow on the sides, lighter to silvery below ; more or less 



regular longitudinal series of small black spots on the back and sides ; a blackish 

 opercular spot ; a reddish spot below the eye ; dorsal fin yellow, tipped with blackish, 

 with black spots, which may form oblique series, and an orange marginal band in 

 front ; pectoral yellow ; gular region and ventral fins orange. In other specimens the 

 black spots are absent and the dorsal and anal may be broadly edged with black. 



The vertebrse number 34 (16 + 18). 



Total length 115 millim. 



Two specimens from Uvira (native name Mariongo), one from Kaboge (same native 

 name), five from Niamkolo (native name Malenda or Marenda), one from Lofu (same 

 native name), and one from Kituta. 



56. Pelmatochromis pleurospilus, sp. n. (Plate XXXIX. fig. 2.) 



Depth of body 3^ times in total length, length of head 2| to 3 times. Snout with 

 curved upper profile, as long as the eye, which is 3 times in length of head and a little 

 exceeds interocular width ; mouth not extending quite to below anterior border of eye ; 

 teeth forming a narrow villiform band ; two series of scales on the cheek. Gill-rakers 

 short, 11 or 12 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal XII-XIII 12-13 ; spines equal 

 in length from the fifth, \ length of head, soft rays not longer. Anal III 7-8 ; third 

 spine as long as longest dorsals. Pectoral acutely pointed, slightly shorter than head, 

 reaching origin of anal. Ventral reaching origin of anal. Caudal peduncle twice and \ 

 as long as deep. Caudal deeply notched. Scales finely denticulate, 32-35 ?i; lateral 

 lines ^^. Olive above, silvery white beneath ; a black opercular spot, followed by a 

 series of six black spots along the side of the body; the back of the male shot 

 with red ; dorsal with blackish or brownish spots, tipped with black ; dorsal and anal 

 edged with orange, more conspicuously in the male than in the female ; pectoral 



