72 Veterinary Medicine. 



These pass out with the faeces and spend 30 to 40 days in the 

 condition of nympha. 



CEstrus Nasalis. (Gastrtjs Nasalis, Gastrophilus Na- 

 SAtis, CEstrus Duodenalis, CEstrus Salutaris). The fly- 

 is 4^ to 5j^ lines in length, thickly covered on the thorax with 

 black and golden yellow or golden chestnut hairs ; on the abdo- 

 men they vary, the second ring being usually white, the third 

 black, and the remainder orange or grayish. The wings are very 

 short and translucent, with fine veining. 



The ova are white, and are usually deposited on the margins of 

 the nose or lips. 



The larva passes through three moultings, and when mature is 

 5 to 6 lines in length, yellowish white, and furnished with a row 

 of spines on each ring from the second to the ninth on the dorsal 

 surface, and as far as the tenth on the ventral. There is an un- 

 armed part in the centre of the eighth and ninth rings on the 

 dorsal surface. It spends the winter attached to the mucosa of 

 the commencement of the duodenum, usually in clusters, and is 

 rarely found in the stomach. In passing out it shows no ten- 

 dency to hook itself to other parts of the intestine or the anus. 



It passes 30 to 40 days in the state of nympha. 



CEstrus Flavipes (Gastrus Flavipbs, Gastrophilus, Fla- 

 viPES, CEstrus Floripes). The^ is about 4 lines in length, 

 with a black shield on the thorax and yellow spots on the sides. 

 The abdomen is brownish yellow with a dark line in the middle. 

 The feet are yellow. 



Its evolution has not been completely studied, but it attacks 

 asses and mules especially, in Spain, Dalmatia, Africa, Asia 

 Minor, and other warm countries. 



cestrUvS IvArv^ in the pharynx. 



CEstrus larva in pharynx or adjacent part : Symptoms, chronic cough, 

 nasal discharge, sneezing, dyspncea, difficult deglutition, inhalation bron- 

 chitis. Diagnosis : anamnesis ; obstinate winter sore throat, after pastur- 

 age, bots felt by hand, or extracted on sponge, or seen by speculum. 

 Treatment : staff with cloth saturated with benzine rotated in pharynx de- 

 taches bots ; or pick off with finger, spatula or wire loop. CE. Trompe. 

 Bots in stomach and intestines. Causes : exposure of solipeds to fly and 



