CEstrus Larva in the Pharynx. 73 



eggs ; heat of mines ; hot climes and summers ; cold summers less 

 favorable ; Lesions : pits in gastric mucosa ; alleged perforations ; larvae 

 in pouches in -wall of viscus ; congestion of mucosa ; suppuration ; hsemor- 

 rhage ; indigestion ; papilloma ; obstructed pylorus or intestine. Symptoms : 

 variable, capricious appetite, emaciation, debility, unthrifty coat, late shed- 

 ding, flabby muscles, early fatigue, stocked limbs ; intestinal indigestion, 

 itfching or eversion of the rectum, bots in manure, or attached to anus. 

 Prevention : stable in summer and fall ; cut long hairs from lips, nose, jaws, 

 shoulders and legs, groom well, sponge the skin when enter stable in warm 

 weather, oil when going out, wear cloth under jaws, or net on neck and 

 shoulders, crush bots found in manure. Treatment: Benzine, carbolic 

 acid, gasoline, oil of turpentine, etc., especially in Fall or early Winter. 

 When passing out, aloes with hyoscyamus. 



One or more of the cestridse above named may in the larval 

 condition attach itself to the mucosa of the pharynx, posterior 

 nares, Eustachian tube, or even the margin of the larynx. 

 Cadeac seeks to incriminate the OE. Haemorrhoidalis (red 

 tailed bot-fly) and the CE. Equi (common stomach bot-fly), and 

 Clarke and others the CE. Nasalis (golden or chestnut bot-fly). 



Symptoms. One or two attached well back in the pharynx 

 may cau.se only slight irritation with chronic winter cough and 

 nasal discharge. If on or near the posterior nares there is con- 

 tinuous discharge, with frequent and vigorous sneezing. If on 

 or near the margin of the larynx there are violent paroxysmal 

 fits of coughing and dyspncea. When numerous they may 

 seriously interfere with deglutition and cause roaring. Patients 

 have been asphyxiated and the larvae were found attached to the 

 epiglottis and hanging into the larynx. In other cases the mu- 

 cosa has been violently inflamed and the points of attachment of 

 the larvae excavated into raw sores. In a case reported by 

 Limann the angina was complicated by a fatal broncho-pneumonia 

 from inhalation of food. 



Diagnosis is not always easy but the condition may be sus- 

 pected in obstinate winter sore throat in a horse exposed to the 

 attacks of flies the previous summer, and without any visible 

 cause in faulty stabling, exposure or management. The larvae 

 may be felt on passing the hand into the pharynx, or a staff with 

 a cloth securely tied to its end may be introduced turned round 

 and withdrawn bringing some bots with it. With a naso- 

 pharyngeal speculum the bots may even be seen. 



