78 Veterinary Medicine. 



tain the strength of the horse and furnish plenty of food for the 

 parasite is of great importance. The well fed horse can best 

 stand the constant drain, and the well fed parasite is lazy, in- 

 active and comparatively non-irritating. It is doubtless owing to 

 this soothing effect that potato juice has gained a reputation for 

 killing bots. Horses fed on potatoes, however, harbor the live 

 bots as before. 



Colics resulting from this parasite should be treated by anti- 

 spasmodics, and a liberal use of demulcents such as flax seed tea, 

 boiled flaxseed, potato juice, slippery elm, white of ^%%, gluten, 

 decoction of mallow, etc. 



During summer when the parasite is passing out through the 

 intestines, the elimination may be hastened and the irritation cut 

 short by a dose of aloes and hyoscyamus or belladonna. The 

 number passed after such medication is often a.stonishing and 

 nearly all the alleged remedies haveacquired their reputation from 

 having been used at this stage. They only hasten what is already 

 taking place and are utterly useless at any other season. 



When a horse becomes sluggish and awkward in driving, in 

 warm weather, the tail should be lifted and any bot attached to 

 the anus removed. Should the rubbing of the tail and stiff gait 

 continue the rectum as well may be explored for larvae. 



CUTlCOIvA. HYPODERM^. GAD FlylES HIBERNAT- 

 ING UNDER THE SKIN. 



Characters of hypoderma. H. Lineata : black with longitudinal 

 gray bands on back, 12 to 13 mm. long. Larva with spines on loth ring. 

 Distribution. U. S., England, Norway, Germany, Italy and Southern 

 Russia. Ova laid on skin, taken in by tongue, larvae migrate from 

 gullet etc. to beneath skin of back. Warbles. Wandering larvae in other 

 tissues from autumn to February. Three stages. I<arva escapes in June to 

 August, forms pupa in soil, and in 30 to 45 days the mature fly. H. Bovis : 

 black, with longitudinal black shining bands, abdomen with three zones — 

 ist. white or yellow, 2d. black, 3d. orange ; 13 to 15 mm. long, legs black 

 and yellow, wings brown. Larva shorter, no spines on loth ring. Develop- 

 ment as in lineata. H. Taraudi of reindeer, black, band across thorax. 

 Larva larger than bovis. Pathogenesis. H. Bonassi of bison, like lineata. 

 Dermatobia Noxiales, of man, dog and ox. Tropical and subtropical 



