Heteroptera. Bugs Proper. 91 



tobacco or oil of carapa, or again arnotto or almond oil. When 

 the Chigoe has burrowed, extraction with a needle is indicated, 

 great care being taken to avoid rupture of the abdomen and the 

 escape of eggs into the sore. In case of such an accident they 

 may be burned with a hot wire, a stick of lunar caustic, or tincture 

 of iodine. Mercurial ointment, benzine, carbolic acid or lysol 

 may be used. 



Rhynchopsylla Pulex. A flea with hooked, recurved man- 

 dibles, and, in the female, a long, wormlike, articulated abdomen, 

 has been found on the parrot. 



Helminthopsylla Alakurt, another flea with vermiform, or 

 articulated abdomen, in the female, is particolored, black and 

 white, and lives on cattle, horses, sheep and camels in Turkestan. 

 It is 6 mm. long. It appears to hibernate on animals, attacking 

 them late in autumn and becoming more prevalent as cold en- 

 creases. 



HETEROPTERA: BUGS PROPER. 



Bugs of pigeon nest: Flat body, long sucking trunk, margin of body 

 more incurved than bed-bug. Cause debility ; drive pigeons or hens from 

 their nests. Live months without food. B. of Swallow's nest : Infest 

 dwellings and poultry houses. Bed-bug : More deeply notched on protho- 

 rax than pigeon bug. Ova in summer in cracks in wood, etc. ; young moult 

 4 times in II months. Attack at night. Live two years without food. De- 

 struction ; Insect powder ; mercuric chloride ; leafy plants attract and may 

 then be burned ; sulphurous acid ; carbon bisulphide. Other bugs. 



Acanthia Columbarum : Bug of Pigeon Nest. This is a 

 parasite closely resembling the bed bug, but smaller, more round- 

 ed, with shorter antennae, and with the lateral borders of the ab- 

 domen more incurved. The flat body, the long sucking probos- 

 cis, and the claws on the distal ends of the limbs, are as in other 

 bugs. The greatest breadth is at the middle of the body. They 

 have the same offensive odor when crushed. 



These may abound in foul dove cots, hiding in the cracks, be- 

 neath the manure, and in the litter of the nests and attacking the 

 birds more particularly at night or when hatching. They are 

 also found in hen coops and poultry houses, especially such as 

 adjoin dovecots, pestering the fowls so as to check laying and 



