238 Veterinary Medicine. 



T. Brevicolle (short neck). Goose. 



Dispharagus Spiralis (double pharynx). Hen. 



Strongylus Tenuis (small). Goose. 



3". Nodularis. Duck, Goose. 



Filaria Clava (scion or shoot). Pigeon (connective tissue). 



F. Cygni. Swan. 



Rhabdonema Strongyloides i^Anguilluld) . Hen. 



PARASITES OF THE STOMACH AND INTESTINES. 



Bacteria and infusoria are common in the intestines of ani- 

 mals. The BACTERIA met with are either harmless ferments, or 

 in certain morbid and debilitated states of the mucosa, they may 

 become pathogenic as noted under the various diseases of the mu- 

 cosa. In certain cases they constitute the essential factor of a 

 contagious disease, and will be treated in connection with infec- 

 tious maladies. The infusoria are flagellate or ciliated. The 

 flagellate include : ist, Monocercomonas which has four fiagellse 

 attached to its anterior end, three of them extended forward, and 

 one backward and exceeding the body in length : 2nd, tricho- 

 monas has either four or five anterior flagellse, only one of which 

 is projected backward, attached to the body by a delicate mem- 

 brane, and with its free posterior end projecting beyond the body 

 backward ; 3d, Lamblia furnished with a large depressed sucker 

 anteriorly and two fiagellse projecting from its posterior ex- 

 tremity. 



The ciliata are differentiated according to the arrangement of 



the cilia on the surface of the body. 



„.,. . ,, ("All the cilia short and equal. Holotrichse 



Cilia covering the 1 „ ^ r , 



,,,,*' < Has an extra row of long 



^ ( cilia around the mouth. Heterotrichse 



Cilia on the ventral aspect only. Hypotrichse 



Cilia as a crown around the mouth : often also as a girdle 



Peritrichse 

 In ruminants, carnivora, rodents and birds coccidia or psoros- 

 permicB cause disease of the bowels. 



VERMES. HELMINTHS. WORMS. 



Intestinal worms are divided into groups as follows : i, Tape- 

 worms {Cestoids); 2, Flukes {Trematoids')] 3, Thornheaded 

 worms {Acanthocephala) \ 4, Round Worms {Nematoids) . 



