258 Veterinary Medicine. 



catarrh, tympany, vomiting, emaciation, pallor, weakness. Treatment : 

 Oil of turpentine, santonin, etc., tonics, generous feed. Simondsia Para- 

 doxa : Narrow toward head, mouth has two papillse, alated, 5 to 7 lines 

 long ; uterus forms large rosette near tail. Habitat : Stomach, pig, female 

 in gallery in mucosa, male free in stomach. 



Spiroptera Strongylina. Body white often bent in a semi- 

 circle ; mouth round, nude ; a narrow lateral wing on one side. 

 Male 4>4 to 6 lines long, tail spirally curved in i}4 turn, and 

 with two broad unequal membraneous alse, six papillse on each 

 side, asymmetrically arranged, spicula long and thin. Female 6 

 to 8 lines long, body thin especially in front, tail pointed, vulva 

 immediately in front of the anus. 



Habitat. Found in submucous tumors of the stomach in pigs 

 (2 out of 19 wild boars in Vienna), less frequently in domestic 

 pigs. No pathogenesis has been traced to it. 



Gnathostoma Hispida (gnathos, jaw, hispidus prickly). 

 The anterior extremity is furnished with a formidable armament 

 of twelve rows of chitinous plates with sharp backward curved 

 hook at the summit of each. Male i inch in length. Female 

 i}{ inches. 



Habitat and Lesions. This has been found in the .stomach of 

 swine in Vienna and Russia. It bores its head into the mucous 

 membrane, fixing itself by its numerous hooks, and lives by suck- 

 ing the blood. The point of attachment of the worm is shown 

 externally by a small red or black spot on the serosa. Internally 

 the mucosa is inflamed and between the folds the worms are 

 found to be engaged by the head in the centre of congested mammi- 

 form swellings. 



Symptoms. There is indigestion, and gastric catarrh, with 

 tympany, occasional vomiting and other signs of irritation. The 

 general symptoms are those of debility induced by the loss of 

 blood, loss of condition, pallor of the mucous membranes and 

 general weakness. 



Treatment. Oil of tuipentine, santonin or other vermifuge 

 would seem to be indicated associated with tonics and nourishing 

 food. 



Simondsia Paradoxa. Body cylindroid, and narrowed 

 toward the cephalic end which has two narrow lateral alse. 

 Mouth with two prominent papillse. Male 5^ lines long, a 



