274 Veterinary Medicine. 



mesenteric glands. Coccidium Oviforme and Perforans. Amphistoma 

 Tuberculatum in intestine ; India. Bilharzia Crassa : Ova in papillary 

 swellings of intestines, anus and urinary bladder ; mature trematode in 

 blood of ox ; India, Egypt, Italy ; Syngamous. Prevention : As for disto- 

 matosis. Tosnia Denticulata : Unarmed, 8 to 15 inches ; segments broadest 

 posteriorly, causing serrations ; larva unknown ; in small intestine, injurious 

 to young. T. Expansa : Short, broad, thin, transparent, unarmed head ; 

 in small intestine, may injure calves. T. Alba : Smaller than expansa, 

 larger head, crescentic suckers ; thicker, longer, narrower, ripe segments ; 

 small intestine ; ox and sheep ; Italy, France. Treatment : In young, usual 

 tseniacides. Ascaris Bovis : Reddish white, 4 to 6 inches ; narrowed ends, 

 triangular mouth, three buccal papillae with serrated borders, tail conical, 

 30 papillse in front of anus ; in small intestine, in young mostly ; causes in- 

 digestion, diarrhoea and enteritis. Treatm,ent : Oil of turpentine, tartar 

 emetic, areca nut, male fern, potassium picrate. Strongylus Ventricosus : 

 Vulvar enlargement ; in small intestine ; ox, stag. CEsopkagastom.a Infla- 

 tum : Dilated neck with two alse ; mouth round with six papillse ; in colon ; 

 causes nodules. Uncinaria Radiatus: In Europe and America (Texas), 

 dwarfing growing cattle, causing anaemia and death ; ^ to i inch ; chalky ; 

 head bent dorsad ; armed mouth turned upward ; upper lip short ; oviparous, 

 eggs transparent, ovoid. Symptoms: Unthrift, anaemia, vertigo, palpita- 

 tion, dropsy, colic, scouring ; worms and ova in manure ; washed and pre- 

 cipitated. Treatment: Thymol, and purge. Prevention: Clean buildings, 

 whitewash, water from deep wells, cemented, closed, pasture by different 

 genera in successive years, or plow and put in rotation of crops. Trico- 

 cephalus Affinis : Hair, head, alae on head, 6 to 8 cm. long ; oviparous ; ova 

 with two transparent polar buttons. Treatment : Vermifuge ; change pas- 

 tures, and secure pure water. Trichina Spiralis : Filar ia Cervina : Lacks 

 the 4 post-oral papillae of the papillosa. Peritoneum, ox, stag, deer ; ovovi- 

 viparous. Echinococcus Veterinorum : In peritoneum, liver, etc. Cysti- 

 cercus Tenuicollis : Larva of T. Marginata, Peritoneum. Head shows active 

 movements on long, thin neck ; only hurtful when present in great num- 

 bers ; haemorrhagic hepatitis or peritonitis. Prevention : Deny raw offal of 

 herbivora to dogs. Keep dogs from pastures, fodders and water supplies ; 

 use vermifuges on dogs. Distom,a hepaticuin. 



Beside the variou,s bacteridiaii ferments and the .sporozoa and 

 infu,soria similar to those of the horse, cattle suffer from Actino- 

 mycosis, fungi, cestoids, trematoids and nematoids. Coccidiosis has 

 been already described. 



ACTINOMYCOSIS. 



This has been described by De la Pace as occurring in the 

 intestine of cattle. In a recent case of repeated and fatal choking 

 above the cardia, in the practice of Dr. Ryder, we found exten- 



