Intestinal Parasites in Swine. 295 



appetite, constipation alternating with diarrhoea, much discomfort, 

 grunting and squealing before meals, restlessness and irritability, 

 burrowing under the litter and rising and moving about without 

 apparent cause, progressive emaciation, convulsions and epileptic 

 attacks, vomiting, and the presence in the faeces of the elongated 

 elliptical ova. The attack of a number of swine in the same herd 

 or locality may well arouse suspicion. Young pigs may die in 

 three or four days. D'Arboval notes stiffness and weakness of 

 the hind parts, but this is much more likely to occur in Strongylus 

 gigas, or Stephanurus dentatus. 



Treatment. lyittle has been done in the way of treatment, but 

 the ordinary vermifuges for intestinal worms may be confidently 

 resorted to. By way of prevention in infested localities, pigs 

 should be rigidly shut up in-doors and their manure burned or 

 saturated with mercuric chloride solution to destroy the embryo as 

 soon as hatched. In this way the cycle of development will be 

 broken, the invertebrates will fail to obtain the ova and embryos, 

 and the pigs will fail to find invertebrates which harbor the larva. 

 Under these conditions the parasite must necessarily be banished 

 from the locality. It will be necessary of course to have municipal 

 or county regulations which forbid the turning out of pigs to 

 roam at large. 



NEMATODES. 



Ascaris Suilla: Duj. 



In size and general appearance this closely resembles the Ascaris 

 lumbricoides of man with which it has been held to be identical 

 (Leuckart,' Schneider). The Tnale is 15 to 17 cm. long and 3 mm. 

 thick ; \he female about 20 to 25 cm. long and 5 mm. thick. The 

 body is white, firm, attenuated at both ends, and the skin is 

 marked by longitudinal strise which are closer to each other than 

 in ascaris lumbricoides of man. The spicula are flatter and 

 blunter, the oviducts more convoluted and the ova smaller. The 

 mouth is terminal, triangular, with three projecting lips bearing 

 papillae at their base. The caudal portion of the male bears 68 

 to 75 papillae. 



Habitat. The usual habitat is the small intestine, though some- 

 times it has been found in the stomach and we have frequently 

 met it in the gall ducts. 



