298 Veterinary Medicine. 



armed with hooks, 26 to 32, each with handle as long as blade, guard slightly 

 bifid ; ripe segments three times as long as broad ; larva Coenurus serialis 

 encysted in connective tissue, nerve centres and other viscera of rabbit, each 

 cyst having 100 or 200 heads, one inch or more in diameter. T. Marginata, 

 in small intestines of butchers' dogs ; head small, proboscis with 30 to 44 

 hooks in two rows, handle bent backward, guard undivided. Larva cysti- 

 cercus tenuicollis : Diving bladder worm, elliptical, i to i^ inch ; in peri- 

 toneum of ruminants and pig. Little harm unless a whole ripe proglottis is 

 swallowed by lamb. T. Coenurus : Common in small intestines of dog, fox 

 and wolf, in sheep districts ; armed proboscis, 22 to 32 hooks ; in smaller 

 row handle exceeds blades ; length of ripe segments thrice the breadth ; 

 larva Cwnurus cerebralis as cyst in brain or cervical cord in sheep, each cyst 

 with 100 or 200 heads. Symptoms of cyst : Tiijiidity, nervousness, dulness, 

 stupidity, dilated pupils, drooping lids, mopes apart, restless movement in 

 one direction, to left, right, or right ahead, if in cord, motor palsy on one 

 side and sensory on other, remissions ; attacks lambs and yearlings, the 

 weak ; bone softening. Prevention : Keep dogs from pastures ; feed mutton 

 products to dogs only after boiling ; boil, burn, or deeply bury carcases, 

 especially heads of infested sheep. Feed flock generously ; kill affected fat 

 lambs for mutton. Treatment: Trephine; extract cyst. T. Echinococcus : 

 % inch long, 4 segments, one ripe, armed proboscis, 28 to 50 hooks ; in 

 small intestines ; dog, wolf ; cause digestive disorder, convulsions, delirium. 

 Larva Echinococcus in liver or serosa, or viscus of man, ape, ruminant, horse, 

 elephant, pig, rabbit, turkey, etc. Cysts can develop one head, or daughter 

 and grand-daughter cysts, with or without heads, thus multiplying numbers 

 in cystic stage till cluster is inches in diameter, acephalocysts and scolices. 

 Clusters of minute cysts, E. Multilocularis : Longevity of cyst great ; patho- 

 genesis according to organ invaded ; infested liver up to 158 pounds. Symp- 

 toms : Respiratory trouble with little hyperthermia and no response to tu- 

 berculin ; or jaundice without fever, or biliary or renal colic, with uraemia 

 and dropsy ; or in superficial cysts, fluctuation, thrill, saline liquid contain- 

 ing hooklets ; frequency in different organs. Distribution : In Iceland, 

 Mecklenburg, Prussia, India, Siberia, Abyssinia, Australia. Treatment: 

 Electricity, evacuation and iodine injection. Prevention : Kill useless dogs, 

 allow dogs no raw meat, destroy taenia in dogs, exclude dogs from wells 

 and drinking water, sterilize dog's dung, filter all drinking water drawn from 

 shallow wells. T. Canina : 3 to 14 inches long ; protractile, armed, club- 

 shaped proboscis with four rows hooklets ; segments like melon seeds ; in 

 small intestine ; dog. Cryptocystis trichodeclis : The larval form in abdo- 

 men of dog-louse or flea. Treatm.ent : Tseniacides and phthiriacides. T. 

 Litter ata : Globular head without hooklets or proboscis ; genital pore on 

 middle of ventral surface, and genital organs small as in bothriocephalus ; 

 in small intestine ; dog ; Iceland, Europe. Bothriocephalus latus : 25 feet 

 long by one inch ; head fiat, lateral pits, no hooklets nor proboscis ; sexual 

 pores in middle of flat ventral surface ; caudal segments shrink before they 

 drop off, after eggs are laid. In intestine of man, dog and cat ; fish-eaters, 

 on shores of seas and lakes. Larva, Plerocercoides : In intestinal walls. 



