326 Veterinary Medicine. 



eight months for development into the mature parasite, and 

 showed the complete evolution without the intervention of a sec- 

 ondary host. This agrees with what is known of the other 

 trichocephali. 



Pathogenesis. The whip-worm is reputed to be compara:tively 

 harmless to the dog, but this is based on the fact of their usual 

 paucity in numbers. When present in force they, as blood suck- 

 ers, cannot fail to be equally injurious with the whip-worm of 

 man or pig. Megnin found under these conditions a congestion 

 and inflammatory thickening of the caecum, with irritation which 

 sometimes resulted in invagination. Where conditions are favor- 

 able to the preservation of the ova in water and the introduction 

 in numbers into the puppy, of the still encapsulated embryo, one 

 must expect to find catarrh of the bowels, irregular appetite, oc- 

 casional diarrhoea, drawing the anus along the ground, or licking 

 of the anus, dry unthrifty coat, scurfy skin, pot-belly and emacia- 

 tion. 



Treatment will not differ materially from that of the ascarides 

 or uncinaria, and prevention must follow the same lines. The 

 fact that the eggs require so long for hatching and that they may 

 be dried up and arrested in their development for an indefinite 

 length of time renders them at once less likely to encrease rapidly 

 to a dangerous degree, and less easily eradicated from an infested 

 area. 



Trichinella Spiralis. This invades both the bowels (mature) 

 and muscular system (larva) of the dog, but it is fully considered 

 in connection with the muscles. 



Filaria Hepatica. Mather found round worms encysted in 

 the intestinal mucosa and gall ducts of the dog, and Cobbold 

 named them as above. Railliet thinks they were the larvse of 

 other forms. 



INTESTINAI. PARASITES OF THE CAT. 



Sporozoa, Coccidium Rivolii : Lamblia Intestinalis : Tesnia Crassicol- 

 lis : 5 to 20 inches long ; proboscis with 26 to 42 hooks, handle longer than 

 blade, neck very thick, ripe segments longer than broad ; in small intestine 

 fixed to mucosa by hooked proboscis. Pipe-like Cysticercus : The larva, in 

 liver of small rodents, tubular with pea-like anterior dilatatiofl and opening 

 for invagination of head. Cause gastric disorder and general debility ; per- 



