366 Veterinary Medicine. 



Geographical Distribution. Enzootic haemoptysis by which this 

 disease is manifested in man has long been recognized in China, 

 Japan, Formosa and Corea, affecting, it was alleged, from 15 to 

 20 per cent, of the population in certain areas. Later the cause 

 of such haemoptysis has been definitely traced to the fluke in the 

 lungs by Manson (1880), Baelz (1880), Taylor (1883), Mura 

 (1889), and Yamagiwa (1890). In Europe and America it has 

 beeu found especially in animals, many of which have either come 

 from eastern countries or have been presumably connected with 

 such as did come. Thus it was found in the lungs of a tiger 

 which died at Amsterdam (Kerbert, 1878); in the lungsof a 

 Japanese dog, (RailHet, 1889); in a cat in the United States 

 (Ward, 1894); in a dog in Ohio (Kellicott, 1894}; and in hogs at 

 Cincinnati (Payne, Stiles and Hassall, 1898). From the fre- 

 quency of haemoptysis in the Philippines (Rev. J. Close), where 

 Chinese and Japanese are numerous, there is reason to suspect its 

 prevalence there if not generally in the East. The propagation 

 of the parasite to and in the United States through the arrival of 

 Japanese, Chinese, and returning soldiers and sailors, from the 

 Philippines is a foregone conclusion. A future encrease of the 

 area recognized as infected, and an actual extension of infection 

 are inevitable. 



Specific Characters of Paragonimus. As no definite distinction 

 has yet been shown in the parasite as obtained from man, dog, 

 cat, tiger and hog, respectively, a common description may serve 

 for all. 



The parasite is 8 to 16 mm. (Kellicott, 16 to 20 mm.) long, 4 

 to 8 mm. broad, 2 to 5 mm. thick, plump, pinkish or reddish 

 brbwn (alive), or slaty (preserved); oval or elongate pyriform ; 

 anterior end round, blunt, with terminal or sub-terminal oral 

 sucker ; posterior end less blunt ; ventral sucker slightly anterior 

 to the middle of the body ; genital pore close to the caudal margin 

 of this sucker ; .skin covered with broad scale-like spines ; pharynx 

 long ; oesophagus very short ; intestinal bifurcation in front of 

 the ventral sucker ; intestinal caeca, right and left run zig-zag to 

 the posterior extremity. Male: Cirrus and cirrus pouch absent ; 

 testicles tubular, ramified, one slightly posterior to the other, on 

 each side of median line, excretory duct straight. Female : ovary 

 ramified, lateral, right or left ; slightly posterior to ventral disc, 



