370 Veterinary Medicine. 



the experience of the human victims in Japan, most of whom, 

 though attacked with haemoptysis, sufEer so Httle in their general 

 health, that they never think of consulting a physician. Still, in 

 badly infested pigs, as in man, there can hardly fail to be more 

 or less cough, a brownish or even a bloody expectoration, abound- 

 ing in the trematode ova, and a falling off in condition, as com- 

 pared with the liberality of the ration. 



LUNG FLUKES IN MAN. PARASITIC HEMOPTYSIS. JACKSONIAN 



EPILEPSY. 



The ravages of the Paragoniimis Westermannii in man, in 

 Japan, have been long recognized, and have received much more 

 attention than the infestments of the lower animals. Even in 

 man, however, the extent of its prevalence cannot be fairly esti- 

 mated, as the disease is mild or of tardy progress and the great 

 majority of its victims never consult a physician. Many cases 

 too are set down as tuberculosis, no examination of the .sputum 

 having been made to detect the presence of the ovoid trematode 

 ova (Taylor). Baelz mentions one Japanese village where almost 

 all the inhabitants harbored the lung-worms and Blanchard says 

 that certain villages in Okayoma and Kumamoto are so badly in- 

 fested that they are ostracized b3' neighboring villages and even 

 the physicians dread to go there for fear of infection. 



Conditions favoring infestment seem to be mainly such as 

 would expose the person to the risk of taking in the young fluke 

 in water or green vegetation. The age irova. ii to 30 furnishes 

 by far the greatest number of cases, the victims being presumably 

 exposed to questionable water apart from the safer well supplies. 

 Men sufEer much more than women, and in many cases almost 

 exclusively, being not only exposed to the impure country water, 

 but more accustomed to drink it unboiled, while the women, in- 

 doors, have theirs boiled and taken in the form of tea. Out-door 

 occupations, for a similar reason , .strongly favor infestment, more 

 than three-fourths of all patients being farmers. This out-door 

 life contributes to a strong constitution which has also been ad- 

 duced as favoring an attack. The Japanese habit of eating 

 molluscs is .supposed to be a main cause and people living out- 

 doors are tempted to take these raw. 



