376 Veterinary Medicine. 



strongylus filaria, as the same conditions lead to the preservation 

 and multiplication of both. The male is i6 to 28 mm. long ; the 

 female 25 to 35 mm. Skin very transparent, the cavity of the 

 body appearing as a dark line, and giving the body a general 

 brownish, red color. Head without alae : mouth surrounded by 

 three labial papillae. Caudal bursa with 7 rays, the posterior in- 

 distinct, the middle bifid, and the anterior bilobed. Two sym- 

 metrical, flattened, curved spicula, transversely striated. Tail of 

 female ends in a blunt point : vulva at the base of a tubercle close 

 to the anus and just in front of the tip of the tail. Oviparous. 

 Ova elliptical 75 to 120/1 long. Yolk is segmented after laying. 

 Embryo with sharp-pointed tail. 



STRONGYLUS CAPIHARIS. LUNG WORM OF GOAT, CHAMOIS AND 



SHEEP. 



This is a much smaller worm than the S. Filaria {male 14 mm. 

 by 0.04 mm., y^»2a/(f 20 mm. by 0.065 mm.). Schlegel reports 

 it not only in the lungs of the goat, but also of the chamois and 

 sheep. If once introduced into a locality, it may, under favor- 

 able conditions, encrease like other lung worms so as to cause a 

 virtual plague, and must therefore be constantly kept in mind as. 

 a possible cause of verminous bronchitis in the smaller ruminants. 



Habitat. Bronchia and air follicles of sheep, goat and roe buck. 



Life-History. Development. This differs in some respects 

 from that of the strongylus filaria: i. The embryo worms are 

 not formed until after the egg has been laid by the adult female. 

 2. They seem to be capable of living a longer time in water or 

 other moist medium outside the body of the sheep (months, 

 Railliet, Neumann). 3. When introduced into the sheep with 

 food, water or dust, the embryo tends to encyst itself in the ulti- 

 mate air sacs and cells, producing light colored, round masses 

 like miliary tubercles but filled with the worms. 4. When 

 matured in these cysts the worms escape into the bronchia and 

 reproduce their kind. Here too the eggs are laid and, like the 

 embryos and mature worms, may be expectorated in coughing. 

 The embryo lives indefinitely in water, and probably moults. It 

 may be completely dried up for three days and resume its activity 

 when moistened (Railliet). The strongylus filaria is found most 

 abundantly in lambs, and the strongylus rufescens in old sheep, 



