458 Veterinary Medicine. 



was reason to believe that it had started its career in the kidney 

 and migrated from this point. In a list of 41 specimens, 16 

 were found in the kidneys, 10 in the peritoneum, 6 in or on 

 the liver, 4 in the connective tisssue between the thighs, in the 

 vicinity of the urethra and scrotum, and i each in the ureter, 

 bladder and pleura. It is much more frequent in dogs than in 

 other domestic animals, and especially in such as feed on raw meat 

 (fish) — setters, pointers, retrievers, spaniels and mongrels. 



Symptoms. These vary according to the seat of the strongle, 

 being often the result of nervous suffering and disorder referable 

 to the pain, and in others, of the retention of the secretions of 

 such organs as the liver and kidneys, and again from toxic mat- 

 ters due to alteration of the metabolism effected in such organs. 

 When the worm is so situated as to cause neither mechanical nor 

 toxic trouble, symptoms may be entirely overlooked, and the dis- 

 covery of its presence is only made ov\ post-mortem examination. 



From the local action on the kidney there is liable to be stiff- 

 ness or tenderness of the loins, walking with the body turned to 

 the affected side, paresis of the hind limbs, the suppression of 

 urine, or its passage drop by drop, the passage of blood by the 

 urethra, and the presence of the ova in this discharge. 



Vomiting is not uncommon, extreme restlessness, moaning, 

 yelping or howling and some form of nervous disorder. This 

 may take the form of drowsiness, champing of the jaws, grinding 

 of the teeth, convulsions, or simply taciturnity and a disposition 

 to snap or bite. Hence cases of this kind have been mistaken for 

 rabies, the patient refusing food, seeking seclusion and biting any 

 one who approached him. Yet Silvestrina found in such cases 

 symptoms of intense suffering rather than of rabies, the face was 

 pinched rather than sinister or ferocious, the eye was not promi- 

 nent but retracted, the pupils contracted in place of dilated and 

 flashing, and the membrana was protruded over a portion of the 

 bulb. Though impatient of interference there was no mischiev- 

 ous disposition to attack. 



With the worm in the ureter the same class of symptoms is 

 liable to appear, for though urine may still pass from the kidney 

 on the sound side, yet the obstructed ureter leads to accummula- 

 tion in the pelvis, compression, degeneration and absorption of 

 the renal parenchyma, the resorption of urine and toxic products, 



