Parasites of the Kidneys and Vicinity. 459 



and general poisoning especially of the nervous system. In such 

 cases, as in the obstruction of the ureter by calculus, the renal 

 tissue is progressively absorbed, beginning with the softer cortical 

 structures and ending with the more resistant blood vessels, the 

 albugenic tunic is greatly thickened and finally there is left only 

 a thick fibrous sac enclosing a liquid which still retains an urinous 

 odor. 



With the worm in the bladder there is the same general class of 

 symptoms, with the frequent passage of more or less flocculent or 

 bloody urine. As in the case of obstruction in the urethra both 

 kidneys may suffer, with the supervention of acute uraemia, 

 nervous disorder, and early death. The presence of the worm 

 may be detected by the finger in the rectum, or ova may be 

 found in the urine. 



In the urethra the worm is liable to be arrested by the bone of 

 the penis, yet in some instances it has been passed accompanied 

 by blood, and with much effort and suffering, followed by perma- 

 nent relief. When arrested in the urethra it sometimes bores 

 through its walls and curls itself up in the cellular tissue between 

 the thighs, usually near the scrotum, rapidly developing a swell- 

 ing as large as a walnut in which the convolutions of the worm 

 can be detected. Even when retained in the urethra its presence 

 may be detected by the distension and firm cord- like swelling, 

 together with the complete suppression of urine in spite of violent 

 straining. The obstruction may be further shown when it is at- 

 tempted to pass a catheter, and ova may be detected in any liquid 

 obtained. 



With the strangle in the peritoneum the evidence of peritonitis 

 is more or less manifest. Inappetence, vomiting, arching of the 

 back, stiffness of the hind limbs, tenderness and fluctuating swelling 

 of the abdomen are significant, but fail to give actual diagnostic 

 symptoms. If, however, there has been clear evidence of prior 

 renal disorder, with the passage of ova or blood, it may be pos.si- 

 ble to reach a better conclusion. 



In case of invasion of the liver, the only data to guide one 

 would be the evidence of previous or concurrent renal disease on 

 which the hepatic trouble had supervened. 



In invasion of the pleura Magnie found vomiting and asphyxia 

 with sudden death. 



