232 FEEDING 



the growing plant. The difference between succulent and 

 dry feed should be studied. Grass is succulent when just 

 mowed or cut, but after lying in the sun for five or six hours, 

 the juices dry out. Succulence not only makes feed more 

 palatable, but also promotes digestion. Green feed and grass 

 contain 80 per cent of water, dry fodder and grains not more 

 than 12 or 14 per cent. 



Succulent and Dry Feeds Compared 



Dry Carbo- 



Matter Protein hydrates Fat 



Clover (Green) 30 4 14 1 



Clover (Dry) 90 16 45 3 



Lawn Clippings (Green) 24 2 14 1 



Lawn Clippings (Dry) 85 7 42 3 



Source of Succulence. — In the summer, birds allowed 

 range get plenty of succulent feed from the grass and weeds, 

 but when confined special crops must be grown to provide 

 this green feed. Rape, millet, oats, buckwheat, soy beans, 

 and Swiss chard can all be used with profit. For winter 

 feeding we must cultivate some crop which can be stored. 

 Mangel beets and cabbage are the best adapted for the pur- 

 pose, cabbage being especially adapted to fall feeding, and 

 mangel beets for winter use. In the absence of any good 

 succulent feed for winter the artificial growing of cereal, 

 such as oats, is recommended. 



LABORATORY EXERCISE 



Exercise No. 60. — Identifying Poultry Feeds. — Secure a 

 pint sample of all the common poultry feeds in the vicinity. 

 These can be kept in mason jars. Small portions of each 

 feed material can first be given the class for study in order 

 that they may become familiar with the appearance and 

 form of each grain and feed. Later a mixture of different 

 grains may be given and the class will, with a little experience, 

 be able to tell of what grains the mixture is composed. If 

 delicate scales are available, by picking out and separating 



