IV.— Finland : its Forests and Forest Management. 



Price 6s 6d. 

 In this volume is supplied information in regard to 

 the lakes and rivers of Finland, known as The Land of a 

 Thousand Lakes, and as The Last-born Daughter of the 

 Sea ; in regard to its physical geography, including notices 

 of the contour of the country, its geological formations 

 and indications of glacial action, its flora, fauna, and 

 climate ; and in regard to its forest economy, embracing a 

 discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of 

 Svedjande, the Sartage of France, and the Koomaree of 

 India ; and details of the development of Modern Forest 

 Economy in Finland, with notices of its School of Fores- 

 try, of its forests and forest trees, of the disposal of its 

 forest .products, and of its legislation and literature in 

 forestry are given. 



Extract from Preface. — ' I happened to spend the summer of 1879 

 in St. Petersburg, ministering in the British and American Chapel in 

 that city, while the pastor sought relaxation for a few months at home. 

 I was for years the minister of the congregation worshipping there, and 

 I had subsequently repeatedly spent the summer among them in similar 

 circumstances. I was at the time studying the Forestry of Europe ; 

 and I availed myself of opportunities afforded by my journey thither 

 through Norway, Sweden, and Finland, by my stay in Russia, and by 

 my return through Germany and France, to collect information bearing 

 upon the enquiries in which I was engaged. On my return to Scotland 

 I contributed to the Journal of Forestry a series of papers which were 

 afterwards reprinted under the title Glances at the Forests of Northern 

 Europe. In the preface to this pamphlet I stated that in Denmark 

 may be studied the remains of forests in pre-historic times ; in Norway, 

 luxuriant forests managed by each proprietor as seemeth good in his own 

 eyes ; in Sweden, sustained systematic endeavours to regulate the 

 management of forests in accordance with the latest deliverances of 

 modern science ; in Finland, Sartage disappearing before the most 

 advanced forest economy of the day ; and in Russia, Jardinage in the 

 north, merging into more scientific management in Central Russia, and 

 Biboisement in the south. This volume is a study of information which 

 I then collected, together with information which I previously possessed, 

 or have subsequently obtained, in regard to the Forests and Forestrv of 

 Finland.' - 



Translation of Extracts from Letters from Dr A. Blomqvist, Director 

 of the Finnish National School of Forestry at Evois :— ' On my return 

 from Salmos three weeks ago I had the great pleasure to receive your 

 volume on the Forests and Forest Management in Finland. I return 



