166 INJURIES TO MARITIME PINE. 



manufacture of charcoal, there are carried on simultaneously and 

 vigorously thinning and pruning, which give to the pine in super- 

 abundance the air and the light of which up to that time it had 

 been deprived. Is it astonishing that trees so ill-treated and 

 mis-managed should experience a physiological disturbance which 

 renders them diseased and accessible to the numerous insects, which, 

 after having multiplied in the faggot, the cords of charcoal, and the 

 twigs with which the ground remains strewed, find later on subjects 

 perfectly prepared to receive them ? 



" In all the circumstances of the case, the proprietors would find it 

 for their interest in every way to secure to the trees that vigour and 

 that health which defends them so well against the attacks of insects. 

 They would ensure thus the duration of their pineries, and not expose 

 them to premature decimation, which compels them to exploit them 

 at an age at which it would be advantageous to maintain their con- 

 servation. 



" Independently of these indirect evils occasioned to proprietors by 

 insects, it is necessary to reckon also amongst the damages done by 

 them those dead trees which rot upon the place, which can no longer 

 serve for the making of charcoal, and it would be reckoned fraud to 

 introduce that dead wood in the making up of the faggots, which, to 

 possess the combustible qualities sought for by bakers, should be 

 composed exclusively of living wood." 



He goes on to say : " The forester has an interest in making him- 

 self well acquainted with the parasitic insects most hurtful to the 

 pine, and in appreciating correctly the ravages committed by them, 

 and the causes which tend to augment or to diminish these. The 

 study of these will show to him that it is useful to give to the pines 

 those periodical attentions which will ensure their vigour and success- 

 ful growth ; and as soon as a devastating insect may appear on his 

 pinery, he will know what redoubtable enemy he will have to combat, 

 and what are the urgent measures imposed upon him with a view to 

 the restriction and diminution of damages very prejudicial to his 

 interests." And he speaks in high terms of the work by M. Perris 

 as supplying requisite instructions. 



Amongst other specimens of the products of the Landes, under the 

 system of sylviculture adopted, exhibited in the Industrial Museum 

 in Edinburgh, were specimens of wood cut up into galleries by the 

 Bombyx pytiocampa, and other lignivorous insects, and specimens of 

 the same restored to healthy growth by a process devised by Dr. 



