ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS 217 



flycatchers (Muscicapidae) of the Old World are also 

 absent in the New, their place being taken by the 

 tyrant shrikes (Tyrannidae). Reptiles are somewhat 

 scantily represented, but we have already touched 

 upon the abundance of tailed amphibians, the majority 

 of which are pecuHar to the region. Something has 

 also been said of the fresh-water fish fauna, which is 

 remarkable for its developiiient of salmon, carp, pike, 

 perch, sticklebacks, &c. There is nothing specially 

 worthy of note as regards the invertebrates. 



The animals of the Oriental region show so marked 

 a general resemblance to those of the Ethiopian, that 

 some naturalists would unite the two as a Palaeor 

 tropical region. There are, however, certain well- 

 defined differences in addition to basal resemblances. 



Beginning with the Primates, we find that the Oriental 

 region has two peculiar kinds of anthropoid apes, the 

 orang of Sumatra and Borneo, and the gibbons of the 

 Malay region. There are also many kinds of monkeys, 

 belonging to the genera Macacus and Semnopithecus. 

 The genus Cynopithecus includes only one species, the 

 so-called black ape, peculiar to the island of Celebes, 

 usually included in the Oriental region. We have 

 already mentioned the pecuHar proboscis monkey 

 (Nasalis) of Borneo. There are four lemurs, including 

 two species of the very pecuMar genus Tarsius. In the 

 continent of Africa there are eight species, and in 

 Madagascar about thirty-six species — a very interest- 

 ing contrast. 



The Oriental region is rich in bats, having many 

 representatives both of the insect-eating and the fruit- 

 eating forms, with some peculiar genera. 



Among the insectivores the very pecuhar flying 

 lemurs (Galeopithecus) of the Phihppine Islands are 



